Investigation On Agronomic Characters And Identification Of Disease Resistance Of Molecular Markers Of 128 Tomato Germplasm Resources

Tomato(Solanum lycopersicum)belongs to Solanaceae.It is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world.It has the characteristics of rich nutrition and unique flavor,and is loved by the broad masses of people at home and abroad.With the gradual improvement of people’s living standards,the demand for tomato commodity quality is also gradually increasing.The fruit type,fruit color and other fruit intuitive phenotypic traits of tomato directly affect consumers’ choice;In terms of tomato production,with the gradual expansion of tomato planting area,the occurrence and spread of diseases in the field seriously affect the yield of tomato.Traditional chemical control will not only pollute the environment,but also affect people’s health.Therefore,it can not play an ideal control effect.Therefore,it is of great significance to select new tomato varieties with good fruit quality and strong disease resistance.The main agronomic traits and disease resistance genes of 128 tomato materials introduced by the group in 2020 were investigated and analyzed by field investigation and molecular marker identification.With a view to select the main agronomic traits,disease resistance,comprehensive quality of high-quality resources.According to the study,the following conclusions were reached:(1)In 128 tomato materials,the proportion of big fruit and small fruit was about 1:1,so the coefficient of variation of single fruit weight was 101%,followed by growth type(34%),green shoulder(32%),fruit shape(30%),fruit shape(30%)Fruit color(28%).These data show that the agronomic characters of these materials are rich,and they have great potential to explore.(2)According to the investigation results of agronomic traits,cluster analysis was carried out by using the European average distance method.There were 99 materials in the first group,all of which were small tomatoes.The whole single fruit weight was less than 100 g.Most of the fruits were red at maturity,and most of them were oval and round in shape;In the second category,there were 29 tomato materials,all of which were big fruit tomato,with fruit weight of more than 150 g,rich fruit shape,uneven distribution of green shoulder,and most of the mature fruit color was red;In the third category,there were 17 materials,the main characters were big fruit tomato,the single fruit weight was more than 150 g,the fruit shape was mainly round and oblong,the ripe fruit color was red,and there were few green shoulders;There are 12 materials in class IV,the main character is big fruit tomato,single fruit weight is more than 150 g,fruit shape is mainly oval and high round,ripe fruit color is red,less green shoulder.(3)128 tomato materials introduced by Northeast Agricultural University were identified by molecular marker technology,and 104 tomato materials were found to contain resistance gene I-2.There were 15 tomato materials with Cf-5 gene,17 tomato materials with TY-1 gene,7 tomato materials with ty-2 gene,14 tomato materials with TY-3 gene,30 tomato materials with MI gene,1tomato material with TM-1 gene,32 tomato materials with FRL gene and 6 tomato materials with sw-5 gene.(4)According to the comprehensive statistics of molecular marker identification results,52 and 42 tomato materials contained one or two disease resistance genes,9 tomato materials contained three disease resistance genes,8 tomato materials contained four disease resistance genes,and 4 tomato materials contained five disease resistance genes.The results showed that these newly introduced tomato materials had good disease resistance and had great potential in the process of breeding new varieties.