| Water and soil is the source and foundation of life.Soil erosion is the Number one environmental problem in our country.In order to control soil erosion,our country has carried out several projects such as the “Eight Zones” National Key Soil and Water Conservation Project,the "Changzhi" Project,the National Key Soil and Water Conservation Project and the State Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project for Soil and Water Conservation,which have achieved remarkable ecological,economic and social benefits.At present,domestic scholars have carried out a large number of studies on the State Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project for Soil and Water Conservation,but most of the contents are mainly focused on qualitative summary and analysis of governance experience and main practice,besides,the quantitative analysis of project implementation effect is rarely reported.This paper selects the State Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project for Soil and Water Conservation in Yuanzhou district of Yichun city of Jiangxi province from 2012 to 2016 as the research object.The writer obtains the material and data of investment plan,design scheme,construction management& the follow-up care,the growth of seedlings,water and soil loss control and ecological perception of the main patches each year by interior and field work from 2013～2016,then make the qualitative analysis of economic benefits,ecological benefits and social benefits and quantitative analysis of economic benefits and ecological benefits of each year,and do the benefits comparison and evolution trend analysis of the implementation effect in the years.In addition,a comparative analysis is made on the management of the whole process from project initiation to completion acceptance from 2012 to 2016 to explore the effect of project initiation,design scheme,construction management,legal person management and government acceptance on the implementation effect.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The water conservation benefits per ten thousand yuan investment of 2013 to 2016 were 2790 tons,1511 tons,1838 tons,1875 tons respectively.The soil conservation benefits of per ten thousand yuan investment were 77.29 tons,47.96 tons,56.30 tons and57.88 tons respectively.The overall benefits of water and soil conservation showed a downward trend,and rebounded in 2015 and 2016 compared with 2014,but the rebound range was very small.And the benefits of water conservation and soil conservation in 2013 were significantly higher than those in 2014,2015 and 2016.The proportion of banned control area in annual governance area is an important factor affecting the benefit of water and soil conservation in that year.(2)The direct economic benefits/Total Project Investment from 2013 to 2016 were0.43,0.28,0.32 and 0.29 respectively.The overall trend was downward,with the highest in2013 when the average annual economic benefits in 2014 to 2016 were about 0.3.The economic benefits in 2013 were significantly higher than those in 2014 to 2016.(3)The effect of project implementation in the year of supporting large enterprises of camellia is obviously better than that in the year of supporting the small operators or village groups.(4)Only the patch has good site conditions,high level of soil preparation,enough investment of labor and capital and good follow-up care,it can have good seedling growth,effective water and soil conservation and good ecological perception.We should adhere to the principle of parallel protection and development,low-impact development,large-scale development and detailed arrangement,developing economic forests in the middle and lower parts of the mountain,retaining the native vegetation growing well of the mountain,and adopting the ecological agriculture method to achieve the harmonious effect of economic benefits and ecological benefits.(5)The project implementation effect managed by the Bureau of water control of Yuanzhou District as the legal person is obviously higher than that managed by the township as the legal person,whether in the field management or in the organization of the self-check-up.(6)Legal persons only sign the follow-up care contracts with beneficiary units but without the payment.This is not conducive to the subsequent development of the water conservation benefits,soil conservation benefits and economic benefits,especially for small households or village groups.(7)The annual acceptance of the Agricultural Comprehensive Development Project for Soil and Water Conservation of Yuanzhou District has been carried out in most years,which has played a positive role in the construction effect of the project.However,there are still some problems:(1)The acceptance criteria of annual acceptance are not uniform enough;(2)The special annual acceptance of the project of the last year in the three-year cycle has not been carried out.This affected the quality of engineering construction,and even delayed the annual acceptance of some years.Completion acceptance has been carried out in some years,but it still has not been carried out in the other years. |
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