Identification Of Grape Virus With Symptoms Of Leaf Curl In Yantai Producing Area And Its Influence On Trees

Using the main wine varieties cultivated in the Yantai production area as the test materials,investigate the occurrence of grape leaf rewinding in the field,identify the virus types carried by the leaf rewinding,and study the effects of leaf rewinding on tree growth,flavor substance accumulation and wine quality The results are as follows:1.A total of 10 brewing bases and 7 main cultivated varieties were investigated.There are four main types,the leaves of the white variety turn yellow and turn green,and the leaves of the red variety except the main veins turn red and rewind in three forms: reddish,red,flushing.Leaf rewinding is common in Yantai production areas.The occurrences of different bases and different varieties are different,and the incidence rate is between 3.27%~66.26%.The performance of ’Cabernet Gernischt’blade rewinding was the most obvious in the field,with the highest incidence rate being 66.26%,while the incidence rate of ’Merlot Noir’ was only 3.27%.The investigations of ’Petit Manseng’ and ’Italian Riesling’ did not show symptoms in this investigation.The rankings of the different varieties are as follows: ’Cabernet Gernischt’(40.04%)> ’Pinot Ghardonnay’(16.40%)> ’Cabernet Sauvignon’(7.52%)>’Marselan’(4.32%)> ’Merlot Noir’(3.27%)> ’Petit Manseng’ = ’Italian Riesling’.2.The type of virus carried by the leaf rewind was detected by RT-PCR.The detection rate of GLRaVs in plants with symptomatic symptoms was not 100%.The detection rate of GLRaVs in all samples was ranked as follows: ’Pinot Ghardonnay’>’Cabernet Sauvignon’>’Merlot Noir’>’Cabernet Gernischt’>’Marselan’.The plants with leaf rewind also carry a variety of grape viruses,with the highest rate of combined infection of GLRaV-3 and GRSPaV,reaching 100.00%,followed by the combined infection rate of GLRaV-3 and GFkV of 94.12%,and the combined infection rate of GLRaV-3 and GVE It was 52.94%,the combined infection rate of GLRaV-3 and GVA was 23.53%,and the combined infection rate of GFkV and GVA was 71.43%.There was no plant infected with only a single virus species.3.Detection of the ’Cabernet Gernischt’ virus by high-throughput small RNA sequencing.Normal plants did not detect grape leaf curl virus,plants with symptoms showed GLRaV-2 and GLRaV-3,and GPGV,GRSPaV,GVE And GFkV and other grape viruses,grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1and hop stunt viroid and other virus-like viruses.4.Studies on the temporal and spatial expression characteristics of GLRaVs by Real-Time PCR.The results show that the virus interacts dynamically with host cells at different phenological stages,making the virus in different parts of the plant(branch,leaves)at different times(August,(September,October)has a temporal and spatial distribution.The growth trend of the leaf snake and branch phloem of Longhu Winery’s ’Cabernet Gernischt’ and Zhongliang Winery’s ’Pinot Ghardonnay’ were consistent.Both showed that the GLRaVs content increased first and then decreased,and the branch phloem decreased first and then increased.5.The effect of leaf rewinding on the growth of the tree: the vigorous plant vigor,the germination rate decreased by 10.53%,the photosynthetic rate decreased by31.95%~40.51%,the transpiration rate decreased by 22.66%~32.62%,and the stomatal conductance decreased by 39.47%~51.28%.The intercellular carbon dioxide concentration increased by 1.08~1.10 times,and also affected the enzyme activity of the leaves,POD,SOD and MDA increased,CAT decreased,like’Cabernet Gernischt’,POD increased 1.34~3.51 times in curled plants,SOD decreased by 20.84%~57.84 %,CAT decreased by 42.35%~54.61%,and MDA decreased by 0.83%~61.82%.The chlorophyll content also decreased,and the total chlorophyll content decreased by 1.32%~65.84%.6.The effect of leaf rewinding on fruit quality: fruit size varies,weight is reduced,reducing sugar of mature fruit is reduced by up to 24.05%,total phenol is reduced by up to 36.90%,anthocyanin is reduced by up to 47.64%,titratable acid is increased by up to 1.40 times,tannin increased by a maximum of 1.41 times.And among the varieties like ’Cabernet Gernischt’,there is a leaf curling symptom.The grape anthocyanin content is reduced by 9.30%,the total phenol content is reduced by50.30%,and the tannin content is reduced by 13.97%.The types and contents ofaromas change,and lipids,alcohols and The aldehydes differ greatly,with ethyl acetate decreasing by 88.14% and hexanal increasing by 10.51 times.7.The effect of leaf rewinding on wine quality: the wine produced by the’Cabernet Gernischt’ fruit with the symptoms of leaf curling reduced the phenolic content,the anthocyanin content was reduced by 9.18%,and the total phenol content was reduced by 20.13% compared with normal plants.The tannin content is reduced by 14.36%;the wine quality is reduced,the measured conventional physical and chemical indicators pH is 99.28% of normal plants,the alcohol content is 84.41%,the chroma is 85.19%,the hue is 94.94%,the aroma components of the wine are basically not reduced,but the aroma content Changes occurred,ethyl acetate decreased by15.31%,3-methylbutanol decreased by 9.97%.