Epidemiological Investigation Of Bovine Brucellosis And Neosporosis In Nilka County Of Xinjiang

Brucellosis is a worldwide distributed anthropozoonosis caused by Brucella,which invades into organism and gives rise to animal abortion,infertility and local lesions.The symptoms of brucellosis mainly include animal abortion,reduced fertility,orchitis and infertility.The disease not only severely harms the development of animal husbandry,but also poses a great threat to human health.Neosporosis is a protozoal disease with the symptom of reproductive disturbance and caused by Neospora caninum from dogs,and Neospora caninum is parasitized in the karyocytes of a variety of animals.Neosporosis can be propagated both vertically and horizontally,infected pregnant female animals will have abortion,congenital deficiency or stillbirth,and infected infants will be attacked by limb movement disorder and nervous system diseases.Neospora caninum can infect a variety of mammals,and Neosporosis is commonly found in over 50 countries in the United States,Australia and Europe.Hence,both Brucellosis and Neosporosis are distributed globally and have brought huge economic losses to the breeding industry.Using the Brucellosis RBPT,SAT and Neospora caninum rELISA antibody test kit,this study selected Nilka County as the investigation site,and conducted epidemiology sample investigation in 5 experimental points(regions)in Nilka County from February 2016 to May 2017,with the purpose of providing relevant epidemiological data support for comprehensive prevention and control of Brucellosis and Neosporosis.This study used the Brucellosis RBP,SAT and Neospora caninum rELISA antibody test kit to carry out two kinds of epidemiological diseases investigation.The results are as follows:among the 1,966 bovine blood samples collected in this experiment,51 samples were detected to be positive of Brucellosis,with the average positive rate of 2.59%,thereinto,D region had the highest positive rate of 3.34%(15/448),and B region had the lowest positive rate of 1.69%(6/356);26 samples were detected to be positive of Neosporosis,with the average positive rate of 1.32%,thereinto,B region had the highest positive rate of 1.69%(6/356),and E region had the lowest positive rate of 0.8%(3/374).Bovines in all age groups could infect Brucellosis and Neosporosis,and the difference in the positive rate of Neosporosis between dairy cows in different age groups is not significant(P>0.05);the age groups with the highest infection rate of Brucellosis and Neosporiasis are respectively 2≤X<3 and X≥6,and the infection rates are respectively 3.53%(26/753)and 1.58%(6/380).Besides,the investigation showed that,97 samples had been attacked by abortions,thereinto,51 samples were infected with Brucellosis,the infection rate of Brucellosis in the bovines undergone abortion in A,D and E regions exceeded 50%,and the infection rate in D region reached up to 60%(15/25);26 samples were infected with Neosporiasis,B region had the highest infection rate of 40%(6/15);no cross infection of the two types of diseases was found in the bovines undergone abortion.The investigation on abortion parity showed that,the positive rates of the two types of diseases in abortion bovines with different parities are different;the statistics of abortion bovines infected with Brucellosis showed that,the first 3 parities had the highest positive rate,and abortion bovines appeared in both the 4th and 5th parities;the data of abortion bovines infected with Neosporiasis showed that the positive rates of first 4 parities were high,and few abortion bovines appeared in the 5th parity.