Study On The Utilization Of The Hybrids Produced By Chickens With Willow-shank And Jute Feather Crossing Gushi Chicken And Guang Xi Yao Chicken

To take full advantage of excellent local germplasm resources,Gushi and Guangxi Yao chickens,and to improve their performances,this study selected Gushi,Guangxi Yao chickens and breeding lines of S1 series,E series,line D,line A to create hybridization assay tests.Gushi chickens were established as the Purebred(GG)group,to hybridize with Guangxi Yao chickens(YG),and S1 series to produce the breeding combinations.Guangxi Yao species was utilized as the male line to hybridize with E series(YE),line D(YD),line A(YA).Through a comprehensive evaluation system including the production performances,slaughter performances,and meat quality of the hybrids to measure the results.Meanwhile,the researcher simultaneously used quantitative PCR(RT-PCR)technical to analyze the meat quality and expression levels of growth related genes(IGF1 gene,MYOG gene,MSTN gene,a-FABP gene)in different combinations of breast muscles to filter out good crosses and to provide reference for studying,protecting and utilizing local chicken germplasm characteristics.The results are followed:Exp1.Study on the utilization of the hybrids produced by chickens with willow-shank and jute feather crossing Gushi chicken1.Appearance characteristics and growth performance:At the age of 14 weeks,the ratios of the Jute feather and blue shin are relatively high,and the differences of the appearances are not obviously in the three combinations,which meet the standard of Jute feather chicken.The difference of the average body weight between different combinations is significantly(P<0.05),and both the body weight and feed conversion rate in S1 G combination are significantly higher than the YG and GG pure breeding combination.2.Compare the chicken-slaughter indicators:Male chickens: The alive weight,slaughter weight,semi-eviscerated weight,eviscerated weight,abdominal fat weight,abdominal fat rate,breast muscle weight and sebum thickness of S1 G were significantly higher than YG,GG(P<0.05).Female chickens:the alive weight,slaughter weight,slaughter rate semi-eviscerated weight,eviscerated weight,abdominal fat weight,breast muscle weight,leg muscle weight,sebum thickness and width of intermuscular fat band of GG were significantly lower than the hybridization matching S1 G and YG(P<0.05).S1 G had the best performance.3.Compare the meat quality: Male chickens:the intramuscular fat content in the S1G’s chest was significantly higher than YG’s and GG’s(P<0.05).The shear force in Gushi’s legs was significantly higher than S1G’s(P<0.05);The dry matter contents in Gushi’s legs was significantly higher than YG’s(P<0.05),but no difference was found between S1G’s and GG’s(P>0.05).Female chickens: The shear force in the S1G’s chest was significantly higher than GG’s(P<0.05),but no difference was found between S1G’s and YG’s(P>0.05).The dry matter contents in YG’s chest was significantly higher than GG’s(P<0.05),but no difference was found between S1G’s and YG’s(P>0.05).The intramuscular fat content in the YG’s legs was significantly higher than S1G’s(P<0.05),the intramuscular fat content in the S1G’s legs was significantly higher than GG’s(P<0.05).Comprehensive evaluation,the hybridization matching between the male of S1 and the female of Gushi chicken can effectively increase the production performance and rate of meat of Gushi chicken,and the increasing of the intramuscular fat content can therefore improve the meat quality of Gushi chicken.Exp2.Study on the utilization of the hybrids produced by chickens with willow-shank and jute feather crossing Guangxi Yao chicken1.Appearance characteristics and growth performance:At the age of 14 weeks,the ratios of the Jute feather and blue shin are relatively high,and the differences of the appearances are not obviously in the three combinations.Whether male chickens or female,both the body weight and feed conversion rate in YA combination are significantly higher than the YD and YE pure breeding combination(P<0.05).2.Compare the chicken-slaughter indicators:The alive weight,slaughter weight,semi-eviscerated weight,eviscerated weight,breast meat weight etc.of YA were significantly higher than YD,YE(P<0.05),The combination of YA could effectively improve the slaughter rate,semi-eviscerated rate and fully-eviscerated rate of Guangxi Yao chickens.3.Compare the meat quality: Male chickens:the p H(1-u)in the YA’s chest was significantly lower than YD’s and YE’s(P<0.05),and it has a slower speed of Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris.The shear force in YA’s legs was significantly lower than YD’s and YE’s(P<0.05),the intramuscular fat content in the YA’s legs was significantly higher than YD’s and YE’s(P<0.05).Female chickens:The intramuscular fat content in the YD’s chest was significantly higher than YA’s and YE’s(P<0.05).The dry matter contents in YE’s chest was significantly higher than YA’s and YD’s(P<0.05);The drop loss in YA’s legs was significantly lower than YD’s and YE’s(P<0.05).In addition,the drop loss of breast muscles was higher than that of leg muscle.The p H of breast muscle was lower than that of leg muscle.Comprehensive evaluation,the hybridization matching between the male of Guangxi Yao and the female of the medium-speed of the Jute feather can improve the production performances and slaughter rate of Guangxi Yao chickens,their meat quality is improved as well.Exp3.The study on genes which related to chicken growth and meat quality in different cross combinations.The relative expression of IGF1 in chest muscle has significant difference among different cross combinations,as well as MYOG,MSTN,A-FABP.The difference expression of IGF1 and MSTN has effect on growth rate among different cross combinations.