Research On Traditional Brickwork Craft And Repair Methods Of Residential Buildings In Huizhou During The Ming And Qing Dynasties

Since the Ming Dynasty,brick making and using have become very popular.The improvement of house life makes Huizhou buildings formed and brilliant in this period survive to this day.However,due to social and historical reasons,a large number of ancient buildings are dilapidated and badly in need of repair and protection.The most direct basis for the repair of ancient buildings is the local traditional construction techniques,and the significance of the research and exploration of traditional construction techniques is not only the repair of ancient buildings,but also the "indispensable work" in the research of Chinese architecture.The advantages of traditional ancient buildings in residential functions gradually diminish with the introduction of new materials,new technologies and new processes.The lack of chain within the industry and the lack of historical records have led to the decline of Huizhou traditional residential construction skills.How to ensure that the repair of ancient buildings follows the principles of authenticity,integrity and reversibility,and maintain the original shape,building structure,building materials and industry specifications are the problems to be solved."Architecture begins when two bricks are carefully connected together" emphasizes the importance of specific construction methods.At present,the research results of traditional architecture in China are more perceptual than rational,and there is a lack of in-depth discussion in the field of building ontology construction.The research on construction technology includes three angles: "Craftsman logic","Craftsmanship" and "Shape".This paper studies the brick part involved in the repair of ancient buildings."Craftsman logic" is flexible and difficult to spread in writing.It mainly studies the craftsman’s construction thought,concept and knowledge through interviews and oral history records;"Craftsmanship" includes the study of specific construction techniques,skills and group genre;"Form" is the expression form of architectural noumenon,and also represents a certain hierarchy,use order,cultural customs and so on.This paper starts from two aspects: combing the existing research results of brick construction technology of Chinese traditional residential buildings,combined with firsthand materials such as on-site investigation,photography,surveying and mapping,documents,materials and oral history of Huizhou ancient residential buildings,to explore the characteristics of Huizhou local construction techniques;Analyze the repair cases,observe the repair site and residential building activities,summarize the common problems,treatment measures and wrong methods,and explore the means and methods to continue the traditional construction logic.In the third chapter of the paper,in the construction system of Huizhou ancient residential buildings,based on the division of "sample","manufacture" and "work",the style,shape and technical origin,structural type and structural practice,professional division of labor and engineering planning of brick and brick technology are classified and studied,and the characteristics and common methods of Huizhou brick technology are obtained.The fourth chapter analyzes the classical case of the repair and protection of ancient houses,the buildings in the park of Qiankou Residence Museum,classifies and summarizes the residential buildings in the park,and explores the development and changes of brick work in the Ming and Qing Dynasties in combination with other field investigation results,which is mutually confirmed with the third chapter;At the same time,it studies the specific measures and methods taken for different damages of brick masonry parts of Huizhou Rensidential Buildings in modern repair,as well as the use of new technologies and materials.The fifth chapter designs the repair work of the brick part of the Xuwu Temple in Qimen,and combines the previous research results with practice.Finally,it studies the starting point of inheriting the tradition of modern technology,and discusses the moderation of modern science and technology in the repair of ancient buildings.Figure [51] table [21] reference [43]...