Research On The Design Method Of Complementary Shadows Of Outdoor "Constant-holistical Shadow" Space In Hot Summer Area

In the hot summer areas,the sun is exposed during the sunny season,and the outdoor shadow space is limited,and people often need to passively seek shade in outdoor activities.To this end,we actively build a "Constant-holistical Shadow"(CHS)space that can be in shadow all the time and in the whole range during outdoor activities,and do not have to always migrate with the shadow,which can effectively improve the outdoor thermal and comfortable environment.However,the CHS space formed by the general construction,because of its attributes such as the size,position and form of the shadow,often cannot meet the target CHS space of the people’s outdoor activities,and there are lack of shadow problems such as too small scale,inconsistent position,improper form and lack of quality.Therefore,according to the correlation between the lack of shadow and the composition conditions,the area of the lack of shadow in the target CHS space must be complemented according to the different the lack of shadow problems and their formation causes,so as to solve the contradiction between the shadowing results of outdoor public space and the shadow spatio-temporal needs of the active population.In this paper,using research methods such as literature summary,computer insolation shadow simulation analysis,qualitative and quantitative analysis,comparison and inductive summary,this paper clarifies the spatio-temporal and qualitative demand characteristics of the outdoor active population for the CHS space,clarifies the elements of the lack of shadow in the target CHS space,the performance of the lack of shadow and their causes are explained,and the overall path of complement response is proposed,the degree and spatial correlation between the lack of shadow and composition conditions in the target "constant hologram" space are explored,and the principles,strategies and mechanisms of the filler space of the target "constant hologram" space are constructed accordingly,and a complement design method for different performance of the lack of shadow is established;finally,the feasibility and effectiveness of the complement design method are confirmed through the application examples in specific design practice.The main understandings and conclusions of this paper are as follows:1.The lack of shadow in the CHS space of the target in a specific period of time is affected by factors such as the conditions of the structure and the background surface and the possible reflective interfaces in the surrounding environment.The CHS formed by the silhouette and its combination on the background surface is not enough to fully cover the space range of the target CHS space that needs to be covered by CHS in the activity site,that is,lack of shadow.2.According to the location,size,shape and shadow depth of the lack of shadow in the target CHS space,the spatial expression of the lack of shadow is mainly divided into two categories: external the lack of shadow and internal the lack of shadow.The former can be subdivided into external patch defect and internal edge defect,while the latter can be subdivided into internal permeability defect and internal quality defect.3.The appearance of the CHS space spatial shadow of the target is closely related to the conditions of the shadow formation,and the correlation between the two is mainly reflected in the degree relationship and the spatial relationship.In the degree relationship,the comprehensive the lack of shadow rate related to the shadow condition attribute directly represents the size of the lack of shadow,and indirectly reflects the shadow filling efficiency of the shadow condition used in the shadow filling design;In terms of spatial relationship,the location and morphological characteristics of the lack of shadow are reflected by the orientation of the lack of shadow and morphological boundary related to the shadow condition attribute.4.In order to eliminate the lack of shadow in the target CHS space,the supplementary shadow processing should follow the principles of comprehensively eliminating the lack of shadow,meeting the relevant requirements and reasonably connecting the supplementary shadow,adopt the strategies of adjusting the shadow formation conditions better than adding the supplementary shadow body,giving priority to the measures of low comprehensive lack of shadow rate and fine-tuning the activity site when necessary,and rely on the space-time simulation and judgment of the lack of shadow.The analysis and processing of the supplementary shadow conditions and the simulation and verification of the supplementary shadow results are carried out.5.In the supplementary shadow design,it is necessary to compare the contradiction and difference between the shadow forming results of the target CHS space and the space-time needs of the active population.In view of the lack of shadow performance and causes,based on the focus,restrictions and available elements of the supplementary shadow of the target CHS space,the supplementary shadow design is carried out for the lack of shadow area from the perspective of adjusting the conditions of the structure and increasing the supplementary shadow.6.The application example of the supplementary shadow design method in two specific cases,based on the space-time and quality requirements of the active crowd,completely eliminates the lack of shadow in the target CHS space.It shows that the supplementary shadow design method used to deal with and solve the lack of CHS space is feasible and effective in architectural engineering design.