Study On Reconstruction Of Rural Settlement Space In Coal Mining Subsidence Area ——A Case Study Of Liuqiao Town

As an important residential form of population in China,the spatial pattern of rural settlements has changed greatly since the reform and opening up.The double-edged sword effect of the coal mining industry has led to the emergence of a number of coal mining subsidence type rural settlements,and the rehabilitation,development and revitalization of rural settlements in coal mining subsidence areas have become a major difficulty.To understand the space-time law of the evolution of the village settlement of coal mining subsidence type,to analyze the influencing factors and mechanism of the evolution of the village settlement of coal mining subsidence type,and to grasp the future development direction of the village settlement of coal mining subsidence type,it is of great theoretical and practical significance to enrich the research of settlement,to help break through the current situation of coal mining subsidence-type rural settlement and to realize good sustainable development.Based on the above background,this paper takes Liuqiao Town,which is well-developed in coal mining industry,as the research area,and selects the data of rural settlements in 2004,2015 and 2021.Based on the central place theory,human settlement theory and landscape ecology theory,according to the research train of thought of coal mining subsidence type village settlement evolution analysis,Influence Factor,spatial reconstruction,using Arc GIS spatial analysis,kernel density analysis and landscape pattern index method,this paper analyzes the scale,density,shape and type characteristics of the spatio-temporal evolution of rural settlements in coal mining subsidence area.And based on Arc GIS proximity analysis tool and natural fracture point method,the influence of rural settlement in mining subsidence area is analyzed from natural environment,location factors,socio-economic factors and mining subsidence factors,and the development pattern and strategy of future space reconstruction of rural settlement in Liuqiao Town are obtained by entropy weight method.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）The spatial distribution of rural settlements in coal mining subsidence area shows that the distribution of rural settlements in north and south regions is relatively balanced,the number of rural settlements in the west side of central region is relatively small,and the settlement in the east side of central region shows obvious agglomeration characteristics;in terms of the evolution of density,the southern region shows the development from low density to high density,and the characteristics of aggregation are obvious,and the northern region presents the spatial characteristics of "the west gradually moves to the east,the high density area scope expands".Under the influence of coal mining subsidence;the high density area of rural settlement gradually moved to the middle-east region;and the shape of settlement gradually became simplified and regular in terms of type evolution;settlement types can be divided into 5 types: vanishing type,declining type,growing type,new-born type and unchanging type,the rural settlement space has experienced a process of both degeneration and new construction.（2）The land use types in Liuqiao Town are mainly agricultural land,water area and construction land,among which the agricultural land is the most widely distributed.The land use type of settlement in Liuqiao Town is mainly occupied by residential land,and the land use of public management and public service facilities has increased obviously,which is mainly reflected in the expansion of land use for parks,green land and education,the main function of the settlement is life,and the service function is gradually enhanced.（3）In the analysis of the factors influencing the spatio-temporal evolution of rural settlements in coal mining subsidence area,the influence of the natural factors is relatively small,and the influence of the spatial radiation of the location factors only exists in a specific spatial range.In the social economic factors,the effect of policy regulation on rural settlements is more direct and rapid,and the influence of coal mining subsidence factors on rural settlements is generally distributed away from subsidence lakes.（4）Study on the reconstruction of rural settlement space in coal mining subsidence area by summarizing three types of rural settlement space reconstruction in coal mining subsidence area: centralized development type of market town,centralized development type of community and decentralized development type.Furthermore,three models of spatial reconstruction of rural settlements in coal mining subsidence area of Liuqiao Town are proposed: multi-core centralized distribution model,decentralized balanced development model and decentralized non-balanced distribution model.The development effect of rural settlement reconstruction in coal mining subsidence area is evaluated and studied.Based on the analysis of the influencing factors on the spatio-temporal evolution of rural settlement in coal mining subsidence area,the evaluation index system of the development effect of rural settlement reconstruction in coal mining subsidence area is constructed by selecting the location factors,social factors and mining subsidence factors,the results were rated as high,medium,and low impact.