Research On The Impact Of Community In Harbin Physical Environment Perception On Walking Activities Of The Elderly

Under the background of "healthy city" and "aging in place",increasing the walking activity of the elderly is an important way to improve the health level of the elderly.The physical environment is particularly important to the walking activities of the elderly.At present,the contradiction between the spatial characteristics of the physical environment of the community and the walking activity needs of the elderly is increasingly deepening.Therefore,the construction of walkability of the aging community has become an important topic in the research of urban and rural planning.In this paper,12 communities in 4 administrative districts in the main urban area of Harbin were selected to conduct face-to-face interview and network questionnaire survey on elderly people who have lived in the communities for more than 1 year,and collect their personal attributes and walking activity data.Arc GIS was used to measure the objective material environment data of each community,including the density of the road network,the density of buildings and the number of bus stops.In the physical environment perception level data,combined with the reality of community characteristics and the behavior of old people in Harbin and the existed research results,select the levels of community density,diversity of land use,connectivity,accessibility,safety,comfort,and aesthetics,a total of 25 material environment perception factors.Through the literature review and the proportion of each walking activity type in the sample of the elderly,the total weekly walking activity of the elderly,the length of exercise walking activity,the frequency of dailylife walking activity and the frequency of recreational walking activity were selected as the dependent variables of the study.Firstly,correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between physical environment perception factors and different types of walking activities in the elderly.Then,to construct mathematical regression models of different types of walking activities in the elderly.Including significantly related influenced factors,stratified Logistic regression analysis and stratified multiple linear regression analysis were used to control individual attribute factors and community objective physical environment factors respectively,and statistical analysis was conducted on different types of walking activities of the elderly.In this way,it collected the significant influencing factors of community physical environment perception on various types of walking activities of the elderly,then emphatically analyzes the key factors with significant influence and the reasons for this result.On the basis,to summarize and conclude the attributes of influencing factors.It was found that there were physical and environmental factors that can significantly affect the walking activity types of the elderly in terms of accessibility,safety,comfort and aesthetics.Finally,based on empirical research analysis,this paper put forward the overall guidance of material environment construction and optimization for aging communities from the above four aspects,and formed specific strategies for near-and long-term planning of physical environment for communities i n the main urban area of Harbin.