Research On Safety Evacuation Design Of Small And Medium-sized Gymnasium Based On Human Crowds Simulation

In the past decade,China’s small and medium-sized cities have achieved rapid development,and the national fitness campaign has been greatly promoted.It has accelerated the development of small and medium-sized stadiums.The use time of the people in the gymnasium building is relatively concentrated and the use time is high in personnel density.In case of accidents,the timely and effective evacuation will often cause serious loss of life and property.However,at present,there is no mature theory of evacuation design guidance for small and medium-sized gymnasiums in China.Compared with large gymnasiums with mature experience in evacuation design,small and medium-sized gymnasiums are different from each other in terms of building scale,function positioning and construction standards.With the increase of the number of small and medium-sized stadiums,the users are also more extensive,so it is very important to ensure the safety of their evacuation design.In this study,we selected small and medium-sized gymnasiums as the target object and conducted evacuation design research by using crowd evacuation simulation method,hoping to provide enlightenment for the safety evacuation research of small and medium-sized gymnasiums in China in the future.Based on the architectural classification and characteristics of small and medium-sized gymnasiums,this study analyzes the particularity of evacuation design from the perspectives of spatial structure,functional zoning and crowd organization,and further analyzes the psychological behavior of crowds and architectural features that affect evacuation safety.After that,a large number of small and medium-sized stadiums at home and abroad are qualitatively analyzed,classified and summarized through literature collection,Based on scientific induction,the design mode of the basic model of the stadium is put forward,which includes rectangular competition field,rectangular two-side grandstand seating layout,mid-line evacuation and rectangular four-side movable seats.Pathfinder software was used to build the basic model of the stadium,and crowd simulation evacuation was carried out.Through realtime observation and data analysis of the crowd evacuation process,the evacuation performance of the basic model of small and medium-sized stadium was evaluated.Finally,the basic model of small and medium-sized stadium is simulated under different scenes,and the influence of parameters of evacuation crowd,layout of grandstand passageway and layout of evacuation entrance on evacuation design is studied respectively by using control variable method.The purpose of this paper is to use crowd simulation technology to study the optimization scheme suitable for the evacuation design of small and medium-sized gymnasiums,in order to provide innovative supplement and scientific guidance for the evacuation design practice of gymnasiums in the future,and to play a positive role in promoting the scientific and reasonable construction of small and mediumsized gymnasiums in China in the future.