Study On Landscape Improvement Of Old Residential Area In Cold Region Based On Residents’ Environmental Psychological Needs

The living environment is closely related to residents ’ daily life,and the quality of living environment is an important part of residents ’ attention.With the development of old residential area reconstruction projects in China,the landscape renovation of old residential areas has become a hot topic.This paper takes the psychological needs of residents in cold regions as the starting point,and combines literature research,questionnaire survey and case analysis to study the landscape improvement of old residential areas in cold regions.The results are as follows :(1)By summarizing and combing the literature,it is found that compared with foreign countries,domestic research on the cold adaptability of residential environment is relatively less;And domestic research on the transformation and upgrading of old residential areas,the object and problems are relatively single,at this stage,the lack of psychological needs of residents,cold climate characteristics and the transformation and upgrading of old residential landscape research.(2)Through the analysis of relevant cases at home and abroad,this paper summarizes the design methods that can be used for reference in protecting residents ’ safety,creating comfort for residents,promoting residents ’ interaction and improving residents ’ sense of belonging.(3)According to Maslow’ s hierarchy of needs theory and the related literature of its application in residential areas,the psychological needs of residents on the residential environment are : safety needs,comfort needs,privacy needs,communication needs,sense of belonging needs and participation needs.The results of the questionnaire survey on environmental needs of old residential areas in cold regions based on the above needs show that the environmental needs that residents want to improve from high to low are comfort(72.06%),safety(66.03%),participation(53.02%),communication(50.48%),sense of belonging(43.49%)and privacy(23.49%).The advantages of old residential areas in cold regions are harmonious neighborhood relations.The disadvantages are: lack of venues,old facilities,imperfect road system,poor ornamental plant landscape,lack of winter landscape,lack of humanized facilities,and lack of regional culture.(4)According to the above contents,the landscape promotion principles of old residential areas in cold regions are climate adaptation principle,functional principle,humanized principle and safety principle.According to these principles,the methods to enhance the landscape are : to enhance the ornamental plants to meet the comfort needs of residents;Improve the richness of waterscape,meet the communicative needs of residents;Improve the function of the site to meet the needs of residents ’ communication and sense of belonging;improving the applicability of the road system to meet the safety and comfort needs of residents;Improve the recognition of environmental facilities to meet the needs of residents ’ sense of belonging.(5)Under the guidance of the above landscape promotion strategy,the landscape promotion design of the Changchun Huaqiao community is carried out.By improving the ornamental of plants,the richness of waterscape,the functionality of the activity site,the applicability of the road system and the identification of environmental facilities,the upgraded environment fully meets the psychological needs of residents.This paper has a certain practical significance for the practice of landscape improvement old residential areas in cold regions,and has certain reference value for landscape improvement of other old residential areas in cold regions.