Research On Floating Pricing Strategy Of Intercity High-speed Railway Considering Passenger Flow Balance

With the continuous development of economic system and social process in China,people’s travel needs have become more diversified.With the acceleration of the urbanization process,highly co-urbanized and integrated urban agglomerations have gradually emerged,and the number of passengers traveling between adjacent cities has continued to increase.The fast-developing intercity high-speed railway not only meets the travel needs of short-and medium-distance passengers,but also promotes economic growth along the route and improves the interconnectivity between cities.However,due to the concentrated travel time of passengers and the inability to store the transportation capacity of intercity high-speed railways,the full load rate of EMU trains during peak passenger flow is high,and during peak periods,there is less passenger flow to produce empty transportation,resulting in a waste of transportation resources.In order to balance the passenger flow of different periods of time,it is possible to consider the implementation of floating pricing for inter-city high-speed railways,and adjust the passenger flow while ensuring the income of the railway transportation department.This paper studies the establishment of a floating pricing model for intercity high-speed railways,and obtains corresponding pricing strategies for different operating periods,which provides a theoretical reference for the optimization of intercity high-speed railway passenger transportation organization.Firstly,it analyzes the pricing theory of intercity high-speed railway tickets in China,expounds the pricing characteristics of intercity high-speed railways in China,summarizes and combs the influencing factors of intercity high-speed railway ticket prices based on the intercity high-speed railway fare system.Through comparative analysis of foreign high-speed rail pricing strategies,it points out the shortcomings of pricing strategies of intercity high-speed railway in China,introduces intercity high-speed rail ticket pricing models,and analyze the advantages and disadvantages and applicability of each model.Secondly,it analyzes the travel behavior of intercity high-speed railway passengers,introduces behavior analysis theories such as consumption behavior and decision-making preferences,and studies the decision-making process of intercity high-speed railway passengers from the perspective of passenger travel decision-making modes and influencing factors.Construct the SEM model of the travel behavior characteristics of the intercity high-speed railway,draw the relationship path diagram,and study the travel behavior characteristics of the intercity high-speed railway passengers.Thirdly,the concept and principle of congestion pricing theory are expounded,and its applicability to floating pricing of intercity high-speed railway is analyzed.Based on this theory,a floating pricing model for crowded sections of intercity high-speed railway during peak passenger flow is constructed to balance and optimize passenger flow during peak period.At the same time,a double-layer programming model that takes into account the income of the railway transportation department and the travel cost of passengers is constructed for the peak period of passenger flow,and an improved particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to solve the floating pricing model.Taking the Shanghai-Nanjing intercity high-speed railway as an example,the validity of the model and algorithm is verified,and the pricing strategy of the intercity high-speed railway during peak and flat periods of passenger flow is formed.Finally,provide relevant suggestions and specific implementation measures for the pricing intercity high-speed railway in China to achieve the purpose of balancing passenger flow and increasing revenue.