Emergency Evacuation With Interactions Among Individuals And Space Layout Effect

In recent years,emergency safety events occur frequently all over the world,and the study of population dynamics has attracted great attention from scholars.In the process of emergency evacuation,the primary goal is to avoid casualties as much as possible,while saving the environment and economic losses are of great significance.Serious emergency evacuation events not only bring huge economic losses,but also threate to people’s life safety.The loss caused is also incalculable.Therefore,it is of great significance to establish a realistic evacuation simulation model to simulate the common individual and group behaviors in the process of emergency evacuation for the reasonable arrangement of evacuation space environment,which is conducive to the scientific and reasonable evacuation guidance for pedestrians.Firstly,this paper studies the self-driving force,pedestrian interaction and the interaction between pedestrians and obstacles in the traditional social force model.In addition,it summarizes the classification and specific calibration methods of parameters in the social force model,and puts forward typical ways to improve the social force model based on studying the applicability and defects of the classical social force model.Secondly,this paper analyzes the complex interaction of pedestrian movement at individual and group level in high-density evacuation space.Based on the analysis of pedestrian evacuation characteristics,this paper expounds the complex,random and uncertain nonlinear interaction among pedestrians.At the group level,it discusses the self-organization phenomenon and evolution process of pedestrian groups in the process of emergency evacuation,and analyzes the influence of different psychological states in the decision-making process of pedestrian movement overall evacuation system.Based on the research of pedestrian complex interaction,this paper focuses on the influence of pedestrian group effect on evacuation process.Based on the different types of group evacuation model divided by rational leader,the paper compares the performance of rational group and irrational group in the evacuation process and their different effects on the evacuation efficiency.The conclusion is that the group effect has a positive impact on the evacuation.The evacuation effect of rational group is always better than that of irrational group under the same conditions,which emphasizes the important role of rational leader in the evacuation process.On the basis of the research on the effect of evacuation space layout,this paper focuses on the diversion obstacles in front of the exit,establishes the improved social force model of pedestrians under the complete and incomplete evacuation information,and compares the specific movement strategies of people in different scenes.The results show that the obstacles in front of the exit play an important role in improving the evacuation efficiency,but in the incomplete evacuation information situation,it is not a wise choice to set obstacles before the door.At the same time,the study also combines evacuation form,perception range and other elements to provide theoretical guidance for studying the dynamic evolution process of pedestrian evacuation and providing efficient evacuation schemes.