Study On Vehicle Scheduling Method Of Public Bicycle Station Based On Birth-and-death Process

At present,while the scale of cities continues to expand,urban motor vehicle congestion is becoming more and more serious and causing serious air pollution.In terms of short-distance travel in cities,more and more citizens have given up driving in motor vehicles,and instead choose public bicycles,a green and low-carbon mode of travel;in terms of long-distance travel,more and more citizens are using public bicycles as a replacement.The tool used to solve the problem of the "last mile" before reaching the destination.However,due to the lack of scientific operation and management of the public bicycle system,the problem of "no car to borrow and no pile to return" often appears in the actual operation of the public bicycle system.This undoubtedly severely affected the citizens’ user experience of public bicycles,and at the same time restricted the further development of the public bicycle system.In this context,it is particularly important to study the vehicle scheduling method of the urban public bicycle system,and to reasonably schedule the vehicles in the site to meet the borrowing and returning needs of users.This article first analyzes the domestic and foreign research status of public bicycle system in vehicle scheduling.Preprocess the actual borrowing and returning data of the public bicycle system in Suzhou High-tech District.The rail transit Binhe Road public bicycle station is selected as the research object,and its average borrowing rate and average return rate during the morning peak and evening peak time periods are calculated.And using the K-S test method,it is determined that the vehicle loan and return intervals of the research site during the morning peak and evening peak respectively follow a negative exponential distribution.Secondly,combining the birth-and-death process,queuing theory and other related knowledge,establish a public bicycle station borrow-and-return model,and describe the birth-and-death process occurring on the public bicycle pile in the model in detail.On this basis,the characteristic formulas of the state probability distribution of the public bicycle station after entering the equilibrium state,the station service intensity,the average service rate of the station,the expectation of empty piles at the station and the expectation of full piles at the station are derived.Among them,the probability distribution of the station status obtained through the model includes the probability of "no car to borrow" and "no pile to return" at the station.Then use Python software to program the model’s state probability distribution formula and service intensity formula.After processing,the average loan rate,average return rate,and total number of piles at the station are substituted into the loan and return model to obtain the station status index results.According to the analysis of the calculation results,it is found that the loan-return characteristics of the research site during the morning peak and evening peak periods are consistent with the actual vehicle borrow-and-return status,which shows the accuracy of the constructed public bicycle station borrow-and-return model.And determined the scheduling needs of the research site in two time periods.Finally,according to the borrowing and returning characteristics of the research site and its dispatching requirements,the appropriate characteristic value is selected as the starting threshold of vehicle dispatching.Through the analysis of the changes in the probability distribution of the station status,the reasonable vehicle configuration status in the research station is discussed,and the vehicle scheduling plan of the research station is finally formed,and the vehicle scheduling plan formulation method suitable for general stations is summarized.