Characteristics And Influencing Factors Of Users In Fitness Zones Based On Behavior Mapping

Insufficient physical activity is still one of the biggest threats to public health.Increasing and improving fitness facilities is an important intervention that can increase the physical activity of the population.The Fitness zone was a kind of public,welfare and non-business sports facilities placed outdoors,which can improve the health of residents.This article explored how the fitness zones affects people’s physical activity and revealed the national fitness path optimization strategy from the perspective of the healthy city.Based on systematic observation and behavioral mapping,this paper analyzed the characteristics and behaviors of users of the three types of fitness zones in Yangling District,communities,parks,and campus stadium,and explored the factors that affected physical activities in the fitness zones.The conclusion was mainly divided into the following four aspects:(1)Characteristics of users:There were more female users than men in the fitness zones,and adults and the elderly are the main users;Children were most likely to participate in moderate to vigorous physical activity.Extreme temperature had a negative effect on residents’ access to the fitness zones,and residents preferred to be outdoors in pleasant weather.People tended to be more active in winter and in the morning.Static leisure activities were the main activity,followed by equipment fitness.The Space walkers were the most used equipment,followed by the Parallel bars,the Ribs,the Upper Limb Retractors and the Back Massagers.(2)Built environment:The larger the site area,the more kinds of activities it can accommodate,and the more people it can attract,so as to improve the physical activity intensity of the fitness zones.The compact layout had a higher intensity of physical activity,and the utilization of equipment placed separately was low.Shading in summer was an important factor to promote outdoor activities,while shading in winter had an inhibiting effect on static behavior.The more recreational facilities there were,the more users will enter the fitness zone;when the number of recreational facilities was insufficient,static behavior will spread to fitness equipment with seating positions.The demand for night lighting in static activities was greater than that of equipment exercisers.(3)Social environment:Static behavior distributed at the edge of the site,and exercise people tended to use equipment in places where people were active.Strangers chose equipment at a distance from each other,but maintain a clear line of sight.Strangers did not mind using the same facility for exercise when the device was highly saturated and the user has a strong intention to exercise.The acceptable interpersonal distance for children and the elderly was relatively small,while the acceptable standards for adolescents and adults were relatively large.(4)The fitness zone should be optimized in terms of equipment,environmental design,layout,configuration and policies.Fitness equipment should be combined with other sports facilities,squares and landscapes to turn the area into a multi-functional site in the park and residential areas.Use combined equipment to form a compact equipment layout,and add equipment suitable for children;create a good plant landscape,shade,lighting and rest environment to attract residents to the site,at the same time improve the ground paving,and increase the logo to stimulate users’ enthusiasm for fitness.