| Rural revitalization strategy puts forward the requirement of inheriting and developing agricultural civilization,and exploring the traditional agricultural landscape is an important way to inherit agricultural culture.Wang Zhen’s Agricultural Book is one of the four major agricultural books in ancient China,and The Pictures of Farm Tool is the most distinctive chapter in the book.Its illustrated expression not only depicts the application scene of traditional agricultural tools,but also expresses the pastoral scenery and interesting farm life related to agricultural production,which provides valuable information for studying native landscape elements.This study takes The Pictures of Farm Tool as the main research object,through literature research,summarization and other methods,extracts the related expressions of native landscape elements in the book from three aspects: natural landscape,agricultural production landscape and farmers’ living landscape.The expression and application of eight native landscape elements in the book are analyzed and summarized,including terrain,plants,water,farmland,production tools,local materials,life style and traditional customs.The extracted native landscape elements are combined with six main rural Spaces(village entrance space,central activity space,courtyard,waterfront space,streets and farmland)for landscape improvement design.The research conclusions are as follows: 1)At the aspect of natural landscape,the expression of terrain element is concentrated on "farmland category","irrigation category" and "utilization category".In application,different agricultural implements are used according to the terrain,highlighting the construction concept of "Depending on the mountain and forming by the water".The expression of plant element is concentrated on "farmland category","irrigation category" and "silkworm category".In application,cash crops and ornamental plants suitable for local natural conditions are selected.The selection of garden plants also has production functions.The expression of water element focuses on "farmland category","irrigation category","utilization category" and "boat category",which embodies the functions of agricultural irrigation,agricultural operations and agricultural transportation.In application,lay emphasis on the creation of interactive landscape between human and water.2)At the aspect of agricultural production landscape,the expression of farmland landscape focuses on "farmland category",the application,emphasizes "adapting to local conditions" to choose the appropriate farmland system type and construct farmland landscape with regional characteristics.The expression of traditional farm tools is throughout the book,and different landscape spaces can be combined depending on the shape and function of the farm tools in application;the expression of native materials is recorded in the other nineteen doors besides "farmland category",including wood,bamboo,soil,and leather,brick,iron,pottery,rope,plaster etc.,the choice of native materials has diversity and differences between north and south.3)At the aspect of peasants’ life landscape,the expression of lifestyle is concentrated on "Suo Li category","Di Kui category","Ding Fu category" and other categories.Through the application of traditional living appliances in different landscape spaces,restored the real rural life landscape.The expressions of traditional customs focus on "farmland category","Ding Fu category","Silkworm category" and other categories,involving folk sacrificial activities,traditional festivals activities,and traditional farming activities,reflecting the real life scenes of farmers.For the first time,this research conducted a systematic excavation of the native landscape elements contained in The Pictures of Farm Tool,explored its application value in modern rural construction,and provided reference and guidance for the creation of rural landscape spaces with rural characteristics. |
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