| Hakka walled village is a kind of Hakka residential form,which is surrounded by walls or row houses with ancestral halls as the core layout and orderly arrangement.It is often seen in the cultural intersection area of different ethnic groups.Longmen County,Huizhou is located in the intersection of Guangfu and Hakka culture.The Hakka village in Longmen County has two kinds of folk culture characteristics,and is unique because of its special geographical environment and historical background.Based on field research and literature research,taking shengwuwei as an example,this paper studies the spatial form characteristics of Hakka village in Longmen County during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,systematically combs the causes and development of Hakka village,and explores its architectural pattern evolution and types,spatial elements and their combination characteristics.In order to enrich the research results of Lingnan Hakka architecture,and provide theoretical reference for the protection and renewal of local traditional Hakka village buildings.First of all,taking the Hakka villages in Shenzhen,Dongguan and Huizhou as examples,this paper combs the formation history,natural geographical environment and folk culture of Hakka villages in the intersection area of Guangzhou and Huizhou,analyzes the location and layout characteristics of Hakka villages under these conditions,and summarizes their architectural community pattern,which is divided into three parts: defense system,street system and architectural community,So as to highlight the regional characteristics of Hakka village in Longmen County.Then it further analyzes the natural geographical environment,distribution characteristics,landscape pattern and summarizes the basic layout characteristics of the Hakka village in Longmen County.Then,on the basis of the above,starting from the external environment of shengwuwei,this paper studies the basic material needs,Feng Shui concept,clan concept and the relationship between economic development and site selection.Then,based on the field survey and historical data research,the paper analyzes the historical evolution process of shengwuwei,and presents the development process of Hakka village in Longmen County from the perspective of time and space change,highlighting its historical value.Then,the paper studies the spatial morphological characteristics of shengwuwei from meso to micro,and discusses the overall pattern characteristics of shengwuwei from the perspectives of defense,clan settlement and production and management.Then,the community space is divided into defense space,sacrificial space and living space,and its constituent elements are analyzed,and the morphological and combination characteristics of each element are discussed,and its deep organization rules are summarized,It is concluded that the sacrificial space has absolute control and leading effect on the whole space. |
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