| Since the 20 th century,phenomenology,as a philosophical trend of thought with guiding significance of methodology,has had a profound impact in the field of architecture.After the research and practice of Norberg Schulz,Steven hall and other theorists and architects,architectural phenomenology,as a science guided by phenomenological methodology,has emerged and applied to the research and practice of architectural theory.Among them,the design practice of Swiss Architect Peter Zumthor embodies the characteristics of some phenomenological methods.This thesis mainly studies "phenomenological thoughts and methods embodied in architectural phenomenology" and "phenomenological thoughts and methods and Zumthor design practice".This theory from architecture itself has also attracted the attention of the domestic architecture field in the evolution of the combination of phenomenology and architecture.As the bridge between phenomenology and architecture,architectural phenomenology applies the phenomenological method to the construction of space and place of architecture as well as the perceptual experience of human beings.Therefore,we must start from the relationship between the two and trace back to the origin of the idea and method of phenomenological reduction.In particular,we should understand and analyze the phenomenological methods of Husserl,Heidegger and Merleau Ponty.The emphasis is to study the contents of "phenomenological observation","phenomenological description","phenomenological reduction","essence reduction" and "intentionality" in Husserl ’s phenomenological method system.On this basis,the thesis analyzes the practice of phenomenological methods in the field of architecture,and summarizes a set of phenomenological guidance and reduction of architectural design steps combined with the characteristics of architectural scheme design.On the other hand,although Zumthor’s design can’t be defined by architectural phenomenology or some faction,some characteristics of phenomenological methods are reflected in his "practice of Minimalism","Application of regional materials","observation of field environment","creation of meditation space" and "pursuit of architectural quality".Therefore,it is very important to interpret Zumthor’s concept of space and place from the perspective of architectural phenomenology for the application of phenomenological methods.And "phenomenological reduction architectural design steps" should also be integrated with space and place theory,so as to decompose the two design processes of "reduction space design" and "reduction place design".Finally,the two design processes are used to analyze Zumthor’s space construction and place construction,in order to achieve the phenomenological reduction of Zumthor’s space and place design.Finally,through the phenomenological reduction of Zumthor’s space and place design,the conclusion is that in the design,space and place are two mutually important aspects,starting from the comprehensive understanding of the project background and the observation and description of the surrounding environment and regional culture of the site.No matter space design or place design,"design theme and intention","design elements are restored from place environment" and "reflection and thinking of architectural design essence" are the most basic and important three goals.Zumthor’s relevant practice enlightens the designers: in the program and design work,we should pay attention to observe and experience the breath of daily life and culture,and internalize it into the ability of personal observation and reflection.In the process of promoting the project,we should also play the role of human consciousness,combining thinking and imagination with sketch model.So as to improve the ability to analyze the essence of the phenomenon and make it reappear in the architectural design.This thesis almost contains 90000 Chinese characters,with 50 figures and 22 tables in total. |
