| Indoor thermal environment directly affects people’s physical and mental health,and the progress of architectural technology is the basis for people to pursue indoor thermal comfort.In the residential design,it is necessary to combine the comfort and health of the building with the energy conservation and consumption reduction of the building,so as to realize the coordinated development of the economy,the built environment and the needs of people.As a new type of energy-saving residential building,low-rise prefabricated residential building is mainly studied in terms of structure and technology at home and abroad,while the research on indoor thermal environment is neglected.Based on the research of low-rise prefab residential system in chongqing and the test of indoor thermal environment of typical low-rise prefab residential buildings in winter,this paper analyzes the variation law and existing problems of indoor thermal environment in winter.This study provides reference for the improvement of indoor thermal environment of the same type of residential buildings in chongqing and similar areas,and at the same time can promote the energysaving work of low-rise prefabricated residential buildings in China and improve the residential living environment.The research contents of this paper are as follows:(1)The indoor thermal environment of the typical low-rise prefab housing in chongqing in winter was measured on the spot.The analysis results are as follows:(1)The overall temperature of the bedroom on the first floor should be higher than the temperature of the bedroom on the second floor,about 1℃,the peak relative humidity of the bedroom on the first floor is similar,for 51.5%,on the whole,the indoor thermal environment of the room on the first floor is more comfortable than that of the second floor;(2)The bedroom room with different orientations has the same temperature change throughout the day,the temperature difference is small;(3)No heating storage room throughout the day the average temperature of 13.8℃,the average humidity of64.7%.Room temperature of air-conditioned heating room varies between 21-25℃.The indoor temperature of the floor heating two-parent room is kept above 20℃ all day,the average room temperature is 22.6℃,the all-day humidity is between 40% and55%,the indoor comfort is the highest.(4)The temperature change of the heating room inside the wall has a delay of 3-4 hours compared with the outside wall,and the radiation temperature is generally lower than the indoor air temperature of about 1.4℃.(2)To evaluate the indoor thermal environment of the research object,and through the Airpak thermal environment simulation software simulation analysis of the influence of different heating equipment on the indoor thermal environment,can get the following conclusions:(1)The bedroom indoor comfort level for Ⅱ during the day.Night after heating indoor comfort level with a category Ⅰ;A layer of a room in the daytime in Ⅰ comfort level,indoor comfort level for Ⅲ at night.The average PMV of the second-floor storage room is-2.64,and the PPD is over 90%.(2)No heating room PMV value between-1～-2,does not meet the thermal comfort requirements of IS07730 standard.There is stratification phenomenon in the air conditioning heating room,which is slightly hot at the top and cool at the bottom.The temperature field and the wind speed field in the floor radiant heating room are evenly distributed.The indoor PMV value is closer to the thermal comfort standard on the whole,and the human body is the most comfortable,which is the best heating method.(3)The physical reference model of low-rise prefabricated residence was established by using Dest software,and the building energy consumption was simulated and optimized.The following conclusions were drawn:(1)the building orientation had little impact on the residential heating energy consumption in winter,and the energy saving rate was only 0.24%.(2)After reducing the heat transfer coefficient of the window,the whole residential annual cumulative heating energy consumption reduced by 14.6%.After the original light steel structure was changed to heat preservation roof with air temperature,the indoor natural room temperature was increased by about 1℃.(3)With the increase of window-wall ratio,winter heating energy consumption and summer air conditioning energy consumption have a trend of gradual growth,among which the impact on summer air conditioning energy consumption degree should be greater.(4)Residential annual total energy consumption in winter heating energy consumption accounted for more than 65%,the use of low-e film hollow glass window plating,the selection of appropriate window wall ratio,the roof with air temperature condensate insulation roof and other optimization measures,residential annual air conditioning heating energy saving rate can reach 23.8%. |
