Research On The Characteristics Of Passenger Flow Fluctuations In Urban Rail Transit Stations Under The Network Environment

The urban rail transit station is the place for passengers to enter and exit the rail transit system.Passengers complete the actions of entering,transferring,and leaving the station at stations,this forms the passenger flow of the station.The essence of urban rail transit line and network passenger flow is the result of the superposition of the spatial and temporal distribution of passenger flow at each station.Therefore,it is of great significance to study the characteristics of station passenger flow fluctuation to deepen the understanding of the entire rail transit network.Urban rail transit starts from single-line operation and continues to join new lines until it is networked.In this process,the characteristics of station passenger flow also change.Studying the fluctuation characteristics of station passenger flow under different network environments can grasp the change law of station passenger flow from a macro scale,and provide guidance and reference for the design and planning of new stations.At the same time,massive urban multi-source big data provides a data basis for studying this topic.Therefore,based on multi-source big data such as subway AFC data and urban land use,this paper summarizes the fluctuation characteristics of station passenger flow from opening operation to network operation,analyzes the causes of fluctuations,and builds a spatiotemporal factor model that affects station passenger flow fluctuations.More intuitively explain the reasons for the fluctuation of station passenger flow under the different network environment.This paper firstly studies the formation mechanism of station passenger flow and the reason of station passenger flow change.It is concluded that the land use around the station is the root cause of the station passenger flow,and the characteristics of land use distribution,intensity and other characteristics determine the magnitude and space-time characteristics of the station passenger flow;the reasons for the change in station passenger flow mainly come from two aspects.First,with the development of the network,the production and attraction points of passenger flow increase,the convenience of transfers between lines increases,and the increase in station accessibility all caused the fluctuation of station passenger flow;Changes in the nature of land use and development intensity caused fluctuations in station passenger flow,too.Continuely,the basic characteristics of passenger flow in urban rail transit stations are analyzed from two aspects: time dimension and space dimension.Spatially,due to the different spatial location of the station and the different distribution of surrounding land,the spatial distribution of passenger flow is uneven;in time,due to the use of land to generate different passenger flow destinations at different periods,resulting in the temporal distribution of station passenger flow is uneven.Then,analyze the change of passenger flow in different of stations under different network environment,and rely on the Xi’an Metro OD data to analyze the change rules of several typical stations in Xi’an’s single-line operation,double-line operation,third-line operation,and fourthline.The station passenger flow fluctuation of different types is concluded.Combined with the analysis of passenger flow characteristics,three main types of factors affecting station passenger flow are summarized: social economy,site attributes and network structure.Thirdly,in order to further study how the influencing factors affect the station passenger flow in time and space,the spatio-temporal geographic weighted regression model was selected to construct the station passenger flow influencing factor model,and the principles and adaptability of the model were studied and analyzed.Finally,based on the multi-source big data data of Xi’an,a spatial-temporal geographic weighted regression model with the average daily passenger flow of stations in different years as the dependent variable was constructed.The different effects of various influencing factors on station passenger flow at different spatial locations in different years are obtained.