Study On The Site Selection Of Expressway Battery Swapping Stations And The Optimization Of Electric Vehicle Power Supply Path

As the global environment and the energy situation becomes more and more serious,electric vehicles with many advantages such as high energy saving and low pollution are receiving more and more attention.However,electric vehicles have a short cruising range and are not yet able to travel long distances,especially on expressways between cities.And this disadvantage seriously restricts its development.This requires reasonable planning of electric energy supply facilities along the expressway,and reasonable guidance of electric vehicles users’ driving paths and the choice of electric energy supply stations.Only in this way can consumers be free from worries and promote the further development of the electric vehicle market.In view of the above problems,this article studies from the following two aspects:(1)Planning power supply stations along the expressway.The method of replacing electricity and supplying electric energy is very suitable for being developed along the expressway because of its high efficiency,safety,and convenience.Therefore,this article considers battery swapping stations when planning the expressway energy supply stations.Taking into account the fact that the electric vehicles flow and remaining power on the path are random,based on the expansion network of the single driving path of the electric vehicles,a mathematical model for potential site selection of battery swapping stations for multi-path conditions is constructed.Then using the algorithm to obtain the initial solution of the site selection,selecting the largest possible site based on statistical analysis,and analyzing the relationship between the cruising range of the electric vehicles and the cost of building stations,and between the number of service stations and the service flow.The proposed method can not only serve most electric vehicles in the road network,but also ensure reasonable and effective investment costs.(2)Planning the electric vehicles energy supply path on the expressway.Taking into account the current practical problems such as inconsistent standards among electric vehicles manufacturers and battery manufacturers,the construction of battery swapping stations on the expressway is progressing slowly,and the construction of charging stations is widely distributed.Therefore,the charging stations on the expressway are considered for power supply stations.First,the queuing time model of electric vehicles at each charging station is established,and the residence time of electric vehicles at each charging station is obtained.Then,the electric energy supply path selection rules are listed,and then one expressway electric vehicles electric energy supply path planning model is constructed by minimizing user time cost as objective function.When solving the model,first use the depth-first search algorithm to find all the paths from the starting point to the destination node,and then use the ant colony algorithm to find the shortest time-consuming feasible energy supply scheme for each path,and the sum of the travel time of each path and the shortest energy supply time is taken as the total route consumption time and compared,and the optimal power supply path is selected.Effectively reducing the time cost for users to travel,while alleviating the load pressure of power supply stations.