The Comparison Of Spatial Distribution Differences Between Chinese And American River Protected Areas

The construction of protected areas is the product of political,economic,and ecological coupling.The natural environmental conditions,socioeconomic conditions,and protection consciousness of the region will have a profound impact on the choice of protected area space.The National Water Park of China and the Wild and Scenic Rivers of the United States are both types of protected areas for rivers and water resources.The spatial distribution of river protected areas in the two countries has its own unique characteristics.The protected area units involved in this research are located by GPS and recorded by Arc Map in the form of mass points.The protected area units’ mass points with geographic information are superimposed on base maps such as natural geography,ecological divisions,and DMSP/OLS nighttime light data,combined with the use of GIS technology for analysis,In addition,some statistical data are combined with SPSS technology for analysis,and the results of the analysis reflect the regional characteristics of protected areas with different degrees of aggregation.The National Water Park of China is densely developed along comprehensive development river sections and coastlines,is biased towards areas with good temperature and humidity conditions,high DMSP/OLS nighttime light data values.In terms of correlation,the regional intensity of the National Water Park of China is positively correlated with river length density,population density,and GDP density.The uneven distribution of the National Water Park is serious.For example,the concentration of National Water Park in the Shandong provincial administrative unit is 276 times that of the Tibet,and the concentration of National Water Park in the high DMSP/OLS nighttime light data values areas is 30 times that of the low-value areas.The National Wild and Scenic Rivers of American are densely developed along authenticity river sections and coastlines,are biased towards areas with good humidity conditions and low DMSP/OLS nighttime light data values.In terms of correlation,the regional intensity of the Wild and Scenic Rivers of the United States is positively correlated with the forest coverage in the administrative unit.There is a lack of quantitative development in the division of National Wild and Scenic Rivers,such as some units in state-level administrative divisions: Delaware,Georgia,and Texas-Gulf area in hydrologic unite map.Causes of spatial distribution characteristics: the National Water Park and the Wild and Scenic Rivers are different types of river protected areas,the National Water Park emphasizes "multi-purpose sustainable use",while the Wild and Scenic Rivers emphasize "conservation priority",the two types of river protected areas have different requirements for regional resource allocation;the multiple benefits of ecological,cultural,and economic output from river protected areas affect the protection of management institutions and the public,and promote the growth of the number of river protected areas between administrative units;the regional characteristics of areas with a high density of the National Water Park show great similarities with cities and towns,while the characteristics of Wild and Scenic Rivers and rural areas are highly coincident,the cities with high density of populations and the villages with less human impact fully reflect the National Water Park " Nature Unity" protection thought,and the Wild and Scenic Rivers "Wilderness" protection thought.