Research On The Morphological Characteristics And Influence Mechanism Of Traditional Street Interfaces In Hot-summer And Cold-winter Zone Of China

Today,with the rapid development of social economy in China,the urban construction model presents an incremental and extensive feature.The protection and renewal of traditional streets and the construction of new streets in China,the construction style of streets is similar due to the neglect of regional characteristics.In traditional Chinese construction activities,different regions have formed different morphological characteristics.As an important linear space surrounded by dwellings in settlements,streets also have regional characteristics.The historical and cultural heritage are extremely abundant in China’s hot-summer and cold-winter zone,the urban economy and urbanization process are extremely fast.Therefore,the contradiction between urban development and traditional street protection and renewal is extremely prominent.Based on the analysis of the list of historic towns in the hot-summer and cold-winter zone,the research sample was established by combining factors such as China’s legislation,theory and practice.Through field survey and mapping of several streets in 11 historic towns in 7 provinces and cities in hot-summer and cold-winter zone,it can be found that the traditional street interface morphological features have similarities in terms of interface density,but there are differences in terms of street aspect ratio and interface stagger rate.In the field investigation,it can be found that the density degree,enclosure degree and stagger degree of street interface have an important and direct influence on street interface morphology.Based on the data obtained from the survey and the intuitive experience,three quantitative indicators of interface density,street aspect ratio,and interface stagger rate will be used to quantify the traditional street interface morphology in hot-summer and coldwinter zone.Combining field research,online research,and literature research,it can be considered that the density of traditional street interfaces in the hot-summer and cold-winter zone is mostly concentrated at about 80-95%,which can form a strong sense of space limitation.Most of the street aspect ratios are focused around 0.7-1.5,and the interface stagger rate is basically below 60%,but there are some differences between different regions.Based on quantitative measurement research,SPSS was used to perform hierarchical cluster analysis on the traditional street interface morphology in hot-summer and coldwinter zone.The research results show that the hot-summer and cold-winter zone can be roughly divided into the interface morphological features of the eastern region,which have a relatively small aspect ratio,rich interface variations,and high interface density.The second type is dominated by the western region,whose streets aspect ratio and the interface stagger rate is moderate,the interface density is high.The third type is dominated by the Midlands,whose street aspect ratio is moderate,the interface variation is less,and the interface density is extremely high.The fourth type is mainly water streets in the eastern region,whose streets have large aspect ratios,flat street interfaces and low interface density.Analyzing the influence mechanism of the formation of the streets interface morphological characteristics,it can be found that natural environmental factors,cultural factors,residential buildings,and economic factors have an important influence on the traditional street interface morphology.It includes such things as temperature and humidity,topography,precipitation,regional culture,religious culture,defensive culture,architectural shape,architectural materials,and architectural ornament.Through microclimate simulation of streets with different interface morphological characteristics,it can be found that when the street aspect ratio is small,the interface density is 90% or 80%,and the interface stagger rate is moderate,it can form a better microclimate environment than other interface morphologies.When the street aspect ratio is the same,the microclimate environment of the streets with different absolute scales is different.When the interface density is low,the streets with larger absolute scales have better microclimate environments,and the opposite is true when the interface density is higher.Regardless of the street interface stagger rate,a better thermal comfort environment can be formed when the street interface stagger change occurs on the north side of the street.Combining quantitative measurement research and microclimate simulation results,it can be considered that most existing traditional streets in hot-summer and cold-winter zone can form a better microclimate environment.Overall,based on theoretical research and empirical research,this paper has conducted qualitative and quantitative research on traditional streets in hot summers and cold winters zone in China.Differentiate the traditional street types of different interface morphology and explore their geographical distribution rules,and then trace their influence mechanisms to their roots.Based on the climatic characteristics of hot-summer and cold-winter zone,simulation analysis was performed on streets with different interface morphological characteristics and corresponding research results were obtained.It is hoped that this research will provide some reference for the protection and renewal of historical and cultural heritage such as the traditional street interface patterns in hot-summer and cold-winter zone or other places,and also have certain positive significance for the construction and control of new urban streets.