| The traditional Chinese urban construction pursues a harmonious and unified landscape of artificial environment and natural landscape,while the rapid expansion of modern cities and the disorderly spread of built environments ignore the continuation of the urban spirit and historical context,and weaken people’s sense of identity to the local environment,brought unprecedented challenges to the city’s historical landscape that lasts for thousands of years.The construction of the city’s historical landscape was rooted in the ancient city’s investigation of the background of the mountains and rivers,and it has accumulated a wealth of traditional construction wisdom.Fuzhou city,as a model combining nature and geographically beneficial,has a high degree of continuity in urban construction and completeness of historical materials,and is of great empirical value in the study of urban historical landscape.The current status of research focusing on landscape element types,lacks to grasp the excellent historical experience of Fuzhou from a macro level.Therefore,by adopting the technical route of “landscape background sort—element type construction—construction mechanism exploration”,analying through the rich historical data of Fuzhou and using the research method of “subtype + subject +period”,the thesis list the historical landscape elements and attempt to construct them.Based on this,exploring the characteristics of landscape elements in terms of spatial organization order,subjective landscape practice,and landscape construction goals will help complement the current status of Chinese urban historical landscape research,understand the wisdom of Chinese urban historical landscape construction,and enhance current urban construction,which has good reference and guiding significance in landscape protection and practice in current urban construction.The thesis is divided into three parts,which is basic research,theoretical construction and argument analysis.In the basic research part,the thesis expound the "mountain-watercity" base of Fuzhou’s urban historical landscape construction from a macro perspective.It is believed that the natural mountain surrounded by a circle and the flexible and open water network system together form the landscape resources of Fuzhou’s urban area.The thesis explores the historical changes of the ancient city of Fuzhou,which is located in natural mountains and rivers,establishes the spatial structure of "center axis symmetry" and "three mountains facing each other",and the functional layout of "city" and "market" separation.In the theoretical construction part,based on the classification methods in ancient chronicles,the thesis construct Fuzhou urban historical scenery classification system,which include four major categories of geography,public office,residence,temples,and seven minor categories of Taoist Temple.In the demonstration and analysis section,combined with image data such as public maps,topographic maps,old photos,etc.,the thesis visually present the spatial distribution pattern of Fuzhou’s urban historical landscape in the macro and meso perspectives through HGIS,and summarize the spatial organization order at the level of urban landscape pattern of different types.At the same time,the thesis pay close attention to the main body of landscape construction,and it is classified into four types of construction management: official-led,official-monk joint,official-civilian joint,and gentry-led.Finally,by analyzing the relationship between the frequency and main body of landscape construction,the thesis put forward the relationship between urban historical landscape and social local governance,political and cultural background,and scenic aesthetic interest,and propose four types of construction goals: "convenience to the people’s livelihood","benifical to government","promotion of education" and "benifical to soul and body ".Returning to the historical context and exploring the experience and wisdom of the construction of urban historical landscapes is a method reference and source of inspiration for contemporary urban construction.It is of great significance to maintain the local landscape structure,continue the urban cultural context,and strengthen the identity of the local context. |
