The Research Of The City Morphology Evolution In Hanyang From The Perspective Of Historical Archives

With more discoveries referring to the historical maps on descripting modern cities at home and abroad,they are increasingly welcomed by researchers.With historical maps as thread,this thesis chose Hanyang,one of the Three towns in Wuhan city to state its history,display its changes and dig out its memories to pass on its urban history context.This thesis mainly includes two threads,on the one hand,analyzes the spatial form of Hanyang city in the images with its bright line historical map files,and then use urban morphology to analyze urban issues at present,and combining them to realize the mutual reflection between drawing archives and reality;on the other hand,analyze social patterns in historical periods in different maps with dark line history events,trying to explore the history motivation behind the evolution of the urban spatial form in the maps.This thesis is mainly about the following:Firstly,based on the historical map files,this thesis expounds the historical developed context of Hanyang city form three development stage(the period of Han river changing course,period of Zhang Zhidong governor and period of the integration and development of the Three towns).In Hongwu period(AD1368-1398),Ming dynasty,the status of the prefectural city was gradually weakened for the rebuilding of the Hanyang city;Industries & commerce achieved a steady development in Hanyang city,because Zhang Zhidong requested the officials to supervise businessmen setting up iron plant and Sun Yat-sen made a plan about it in the strategy of the establishment of country;after the integration of the Three towns,since the developing gravity of the Three towns gradually inclined to Hankou and Wuchang,the development of Hanyang has slowed down.Under the history background that the development of Hanyang has slowed down,in different period,the increase and decrease of its political,economical,sacrificial and educational functions were not the same,and social force behind these functions took turns to rise and fall.Hanyang city has experienced “ abolishing the prefectural and keeping the county”,which turned its concentrating political authority to a weakening political system;a temporary emerging of the industry and business boosted the diversified development of the cotton market,bamboo market,and charity institutions;the diminishing of the official worship and the emerging of the foreign religions led the transformation of the “ private school” to “public school” in Hanyang city.This thesis also makes use of urban morphology to explore the evolution process of urban spatial form in Hanyang’s historical map,interprets the prosperity or decline of its different blocks,and briefly states the natural and social factors behind its changes.The evolution of the block’s spatial form is mainly related to the regime change,natural factors and embankment construction;The evolution of the land about space layout changes from ceremonial to public space that focuses on living space and social infrastructure;we can reproduce the architectural spatial layout and life scene through studying the evolution of the architectures’ form in the pictures.Finally,this thesis explores the factors that affect the evolution of the urban form of Hanyang city by summing up different types of its historical maps,and discusses the links between Hanyang’s urban location selection,urban defense,urban planning,traffic transportation and urban form evolution.Besides,it’s also about how Hanyang battles with the other two towns in the development.This passage aims to preserve city’s history.Through the study of the historical map files,the evolution process of Hanyang’s urban form in modern times is displayed relatively objective.And from the four aspects,which referred to its urban development context,functions distribution,evolution of its spatial form and the factors that affect its form’s changing,the development process of Hanyang can be revealed comprehensively.Architectural design should be made in the constantly changing historical context.This passage processes the urban form of Hanyang,and provides basic materials and development opportunities for the future development pattern of Hanyang,which referred to "preserve historical remains and break through the limitations of the old city".