| The fragile ecological environment and the shortage of land resources are the main factors restricting the development of karst areas.With the rapid development of social economy and the sharp increase of population,the disturbance of human activities to the ecological environment is intensified,and the ecosystem service function is gradually degraded,which poses a serious threat to the regional ecological security and human well-being.Quantitative assessment of human activity intensity and ecosystem service value（ESV）in karst areas,and clarification of their coupling and coordination relationship,has important theoretical and practical significance for promoting ecological environment protection and social and economic sustainable development in karst areas.Huangping County is a typical karst landform area and a national key ecological function area.It is an important ecological protection barrier for the headwaters of Wujiang River,Yuanjiang River and even the upper reaches of Yangtze River.Based on the field investigation in Huangping County,the typical indicators of human activities were selected,and the human activity impact coefficient,impact distance,distance attenuation mode and ecosystem sensitivity parameters were considered.The evaluation model of human activity intensity was constructed from the quantitative and spatial perspectives.Secondly,the ecosystem services value in Huangping County was quantitatively evaluated by using the revised value equivalent factor method;Finally,the spatial correlation analysis model and coupling coordination degree model were constructed to deeply discuss the spatio-temporal correlation characteristics and coupling coordination mechanism of human activities and ecosystem services in Huangping County,divide the coupling coordination types,and put forward corresponding development suggestions.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）In 2010 and 2019,the average of human activities intensity in Huangping County is 0.24 and 0.28,respectively,which were generally at a weak level and showed a trend of intensification.Nearly 80% of Huangping is the weak and weak human activity area in 2010 and 2019,and the range has contracted significantly by 2019;The range of strong and strong human activity areas is small,and the scale will expand nearly2 times by 2019.With the increase of terrain gradient,the intensity of human activity showed a decreasing trend,and the intensity of human activity in all terrain gradients in 2019 was higher than that in2010.Affected by geographical location and terrain conditions,human activities in Xinzhou Town and Jiuzhou Town are the most intensive,while human activities in Shangtang Town and Yedonghe Town are relatively weak;From 2010 to 2019,the intensity of human activities in townships and towns showed an overall trend of intensification.The intensity of human activities in Huangping County has a strong and significant spatial positive correlation,and the spatial agglomeration in2019 is stronger than that in 2010.（2）From 2010 to 2019,The total amount of ESV in Huangping County increased from 4.515 billion yuan to 4.836 billion yuan,and the ecological environment quality tended to improve;The spatial distribution pattern of ESV was "high in the west and low in the east";Woodland was the main contributor to ESV,and its dominant role increased significantly by 2019,followed by cultivated land;Nearly 80%of ESV in Huangping County is composed of regulation service function and support service function;Water conservation had the highest value and the fastest growth rate,while food production had the lowest value.With the increase of terrain gradient,ESV basically showed an increasing trend,and ESV in 2019 was higher than that in 2010 under all terrain gradients.The ESV of Shangtang Town was the highest and That of Chongan Town was the lowest.The ESV of all towns in 2019 was higher than that in 2010.ESV in Huangping County has a strong and significant spatial positive correlation and a good spatial agglomeration effect.（3）There was a strong and significant spatial negative correlation between human activities and ecosystem services in Huangping County.Local spatial agglomeration characteristics significantly,cluster type to“low-high”（low intensity of human activities-high ecosystem services value）and “high-low”（low high intensity of human activities,ecosystem services value）is given priority to,to 2019 “low-high” type and “high-low” plaque quantity showed a trend of decrease.（4）From 2010 and 2019,Human activities and ecosystem services in Huangping County are in moderate coordination,showing a good and stable trend of coordinated development.More than 60% of the areas in Huangping County were high quality coordination and moderate coordination areas,and the distribution range was basically consistent with the weak human activity area and the high ecosystem service value area;Nearly 12% of the regions were in danger of disorder or decline disorder,and the distribution range was similar to that of areas with strong human activity and low ecosystem service value.With the increase of terrain gradient,the coupling coordination between human activities and ecosystem services shows an increasing trend,and the human-land relationship becomes more harmonious.The coupling coordination state of Shangtang Town is the best,while that of Chongan Town and Xinzhou Town is relatively poor;With the intensification of human activities,the coupling coordination degree of Xinzhou Town,Gulong Town,Yiwanshui Town and Zhifang Town showed a downward trend,and the man-land relationship tended to be tense.The coupling coordination degree of human activities and ecosystem services in Huangping County showed a strong and significant spatial positive correlation,and the spatial agglomeration effect was good.The results show that human activities and ecosystem services in the study area are in a relatively stable high level coupling and moderate coordination state,and the man-land relationship tends to moderate.However,this state cannot remain unchanged.The fragile ecological environment of karst still exists,and it is very likely that the current good coupling and coordination state will degrade to a lower level due to the weakening of ecological protection consciousness and the disorderly expansion of human activities in a certain period.Therefore,according to the coupling and coordination characteristics of different regions,differentiated development paths are proposed,and relevant governments are suggested to strengthen environmental protection supervision and the public to enhance environmental protection awareness,so as to promote the construction of ecological civilization and sustainable development of social economy in this region,and provide reference for the development of similar regions. |
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