Non-Enzymatic Glucose Sensors Based On Self-Supported Nano-Nickel Oxides Electrode

Diabetes is a global public health problem.It’s of great significance to develop an efficient,rapid and accurate blood glucose monitoring system for diabetic patients.At present,most of the existing blood glucose meters on the market are enzyme-based glucose sensors,which had problems such as easy deactivation,difficult storage and high price.Non-enzymatic glucose sensors with low cost,simplified production process and rapid response have become a new research hotspot.With the development of advanced nanotechnology,enzyme-free glucose sensors have developed rapidly.Among them,transition metals have been widely studied for they are not easy to adsorb intermediate and chloride ions.Nickel-based materials have the advantages of good stability,low cost and high electrical conductivity.The electrocatalytic oxidation of glucose by nickel-based materials in an alkaline system is mainly based on Ni²⁺/Ni³⁺.In this study,Nickel oxides was used as the main active material to prepare the long-term stable self-supporting electrode,witch be applied to construct the enzyme-free glucose sensor and investigate its electrochemical performance.The specific research contents are as follows:（1）The self-supported porous Ni O nanosheet electrodes were prepared by using a three-dimensional nickel foam as substrate.A layer of uniform and compact Ni（OH）₂nanosheets was grown in-situ on the surface of nickel foam by hydrothermal method,which transformed into porous Ni O nanosheets by high temperature calcination.The duration of the hydrothermal reaction and the calcination temperature play an important influence on the morphology,structure and electrochemical performance of the materials.Electrode materials with excellent glucose sensing performance were obtained by the characterization of the structure and properties of materials.The sensitivity of the electrode is up to 8813μA·m M^-1·cm^-2in the linear range of 0.1μm to 0.67 m M and 3684μA·m M^-1·cm^-2 in the linear range of 0.67 m M to 1.87 m M.At the same time,the electrode also showed good reproducibility and long-term stability,and obtained more accurate results in human blood glucose measurement.（2）Copper-based materials usually show a wide linear range in enzyme-free glucose detection.A three-dimensional copper foam framework was selected as the substrate to prepare a self-supported Ni Cu oxide nanorod array electrode.A uniform layer of Cu（OH）₂nanorods array was grown on the surface of copper foam by alkaline assisted wet chemical oxidation.The Ni（OH）₂nanosheets were deposited on the surface of the nanorods by potentiostatic deposition,which then calcined at a high temperature.The sensitivity of the materials was 11583.4μA·m M^-1·cm^-2 in the linear range of 0.5μm to1.17 m M,and 4561.2μA·m M^-1·cm^-2 in the linear range of 1.17 m M to 2.57 m M.The material has practical feasibility for blood glucose detection.