| The conservation and restoration of ancient books has an important value and significance.The focus of research on ancient books has always been on the restoration and conservation techniques and methods for paper materials,but little research has been done on the information carried by ancient books-the ink.This paper mainly analyzes the changes of ink information quality in the process of paper deacidification and reinforcement,proposing evaluation indexes of ink information changes in the restoration work of ancient books and constructing a quality evaluation system for the restoration of ancient books.Finally old book pages were applied to the system.Three organic deacidification agents including methanol solution of barium hydroxide,formaldehyde solution of magnesium carbonate and diethylene glycol solution of barium hydroxide and styrene-butadiene latex(SBL)/nano-Zn O solution with different mass fraction ratios were treated to aging paper of different kinds of inks.The results showed that the color density of ink samples decreased after treatment with the formaldehyde solution of magnesium carbonate,and the color density of ink samples increased after the treatment of the remaining two organic deacidification agents.In the SBL/nano-Zn O solution,the more SBL content,the greater the color density of the three ink samples,and the darker the color observed by human eyes.This is because SBL may improve the surface smoothness and optical density of the ink sample.In order to further improve the evaluation indicators,a graphic standard version for the restoration of ancient books was designed.The self-made simulated aging samples reduced the pH to 6.67.0.4 mol/L and 0.8 mol/L sodium carbonate solution and 3 wt% sodium silicate solution were chosen as deacidification agents.6 wt% and 12 wt% SBL solution,polyamide polyamine epichlorohydrin(PAE)solution as reinforcement agent.Sodium silicate and PAE compound solution were used for deacidification and reinforcement.After deacidification and reinforcement treatment,the color density,chromaticity,ink gloss,ink fastness,abrasion resistance,ink contrast,ine width and ink durability and other ink information quality indicators were measured,and the observer is organized to check the above.Subjective evaluation of aging samples before and after deacidification and reinforcement treatment.The results showed that the color density of magenta ink decreased severely after treatment with deacidification agent,which decreased by 10.61%,9.23% and 12.77%,respectively.The ink fastness and the edge of writing were blurred.After treatment,the ink contrast and line width of ink slightly decreased,but the changes were within the acceptable range.After the aging samples were processed by the reinforcement agents,the color density of different colors all increases,and the black density increases most obviously,with a maximum increase of 31.62%.After treatment,the gloss of the ink layer had been significantly improved,with a maximum increase of 50.35%,while the ink fastness,abrasion resistance,ink ink contrast and line width change were not obvious.After the sodium silicate and PAE compound solution were treated,the comprehensive evaluation effect of ink information is better than using it alone.According to the results of subjective and objective influences,a systematic evaluation system for the ink quality for paper restoration were constructed,and the system actually applied to the pages of naturally aging old books in the last century.The results show that the degree of change of the objective indicators in the evaluation system is consistent with the subjective observation results.For example,the gloss of the ink layer of old book pages treated with 12 wt% SBL solution increased by 80.45%.The subjective scores of gloss also showed an increase,while objective evaluation index indicated the change degree of ink before and after treatment accurately and quantitatively.This result shows that the quality evaluation system for the restoration of ancient books constructed in this paper could be used to evaluate the restoration effect of aging paper.The ink quality evaluation system constructed in this paper can quantificationally evaluate the degree of change of ink information on paper before and after the treatment for deacidification and reinforcement.The repair agents could also be evaluated comprehensively combined with subjective results.This work makes the protection and restoration of ancient books more scientific and complete,and has important scientific significance. |
