Research On Ecosystem Service Value And Its Influencing Factors Of Shaanxi Province Based On Land Use

It can be seen that the change of the land pattern is an important reason for the change of the ecosystem.The development and utilization of land must consider its impact on the ecological environment to improve the rationality of land management and utilization.At the same time,ecosystem service functions are related to the continuity of regional development.Only by deeply understanding the status and changes of regional ecosystems,as well as the relationship between functions and the driving mechanism of ecosystem services,can we better realize the improvement of population,resources,and environment.Coordination and long-term development.Based on many years of land use data,this paper takes Shaanxi Province as the research area,analyzes the dynamic change characteristics of land use in Shaanxi Province,and calculates the ESV level through the value measurement method.Dynamic research is carried out on changes in volume,individual services and ESV of various categories.Correlation analysis and ESTD model are used to express the direction and degree of interaction between services in time and space.Finally,geographic detectors are used to detect ESV’s influencing factors,the GWR model is selected to analyze the spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors,and development suggestions are put forward.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)The land use type in Shaanxi Province is dominated by grassland,and the number and structure of land types have changed significantly.From 2000 to 2018,grassland was the main land use type,furthermore,overall cultivated land was greatly reduced and construction land was greatly increased.The construction land changes most drastically in each time period.The land type changes after 2015,and the proportion of construction land is higher than that of unused land.The conversion of cultivated land to forest and grassland is mainly in the southeast of Yulin,the northern part of Yan’an City in northern Shaanxi,which is related to the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forest and grassland.The expansion of construction land is mainly concentrated in the main urban area of Xi’an and its surrounding areas,mainly due to the occupation of cultivated land due to population growth and economic development.(2)The ESV of Shaanxi Province is showing a downward trend,with obvious spatial agglomeration and differences.From 2000 to 2018,the overall ESV of Shaanxi Province declined,with a total decrease of 169 million yuan.The low ESV level in Guanzhong area is related to the occupation of cultivated land by economic development and urban expansion.The loess hilly and gully regions of northern Shaanxi have poor ecological conditions,so its low ESV values are widely distributed.The Qinling Mountains have high vegetation coverage and ESV.Regulation service functions have always occupied the main position,hydrological regulation and climate regulation services have high value,besides,grassland is the most important land type that provides ESV.ESV in Shaanxi Province has strong spatial agglomeration.Xi’an’s central urban area and its surrounding areas are economically developed,so the is lower,otherwise,low-value areas continue to expand.(3)The ecosystem services of Shaanxi Province are mainly synergistic,with significant spatial differences.Food production and other ecosystem services show a clear trade-off relationship,with the southern part of Yulin City and the northern part of Yan’an City being more concentrated;the trade-off relationship between food production and other services have been significantly enhanced from 2000 to 2005.There is a synergetic relationship between adjustment services and support services.From 2000 to 2005,the trade-off relationship between services were significantly strengthened,furthermore,the synergy relationship was strengthened.After 2005,the trade-off relationship weakened and the synergy relationship changed little.Compared with other regions,the relationship between ecosystem services in the center of Xi’an,additionally,its surrounding areas are significantly different.(4)ESV in Shaanxi Province is affected by many factors,and different influencing factors have different directions and degrees of their effects.The main factors affecting ESV in Shaanxi are DEM,NDVI,population density,GDP per capita,and land reclamation rate.The intensities of the influencing factors in descending order are NDVI,land reclamation rate,DEM,population density,and GDP per capita.DEM has a positive impact on ESV,NDVI and GDP per capita have a positive and negative impact on ESV,and population density and land reclamation rate have a negative impact on ecosystem services.Except the fluctuations in the influence of NDVI,the negative effects of other factors on ESV weakened and the positive effects increased.Compared with other regions,the ecological basic conditions in northern Shaanxi are poor,and its ESV is more sensitive to changes in influencing factors.(5)Regional development should be adapted to local conditions,taking into account both economic and ecological benefits.It is necessary to optimize the regional ecosystem from two aspects: improving natural conditions and controlling human activities,and reduce the negative impact of human activities on ESV.Northern Shaanxi must increase soil erosion control,increase vegetation coverage,and optimize industrial development;Guanzhong must control the expansion of construction land;and southern Shaanxi must adhere to green development and maintain and enhance the stability of the ecosystem.