Study On Spatial Planning Of Coastal Zone From The Perspective Of Ecosystem Services

At present,China’s coastal zone spatial planning involves two major parts of the land and sea areas,which is prone to problems such as conflicting plans and separate departments,resulting in a lack of coordination between resource development and ecological protection and hindering sustainable ecological development.In the context of the construction of ecological civilization and the reform of territorial spatial planning in the new era,the state has issued a series of documents and policies related to ecology,and ecosystem services have gradually received attention.Looking at the current situation of ecosystem services research at home and abroad,scientific assessment and trade-off research on ecosystem services is an important tool to optimize the national land space and promote planning decisions to be more in line with the requirements of the times.This paper attempts to take the coastal zone of Dongying,the central city of the lower reaches of the Yellow River Basin into the sea,as an example,and use the results of ecosystem service related research to guide its coastal zone spatial planning.Firstly,by studying the results of scholars’ classification of ecosystem services at different scales and regions,a classification scheme of ecosystem services in the coastal zone of Dongying City is developed based on the functional identification of supply,regulating,supporting and cultural services from the perspective of regional integrity,and further divides the supply services into food production and raw material production,regulating services into gas regulation and water regulation,supporting services into The supply services were further classified into food production and raw material production,regulation services into gas regulation and water regulation,support services into soil and nutrient maintenance and biodiversity maintenance,and cultural services into science,education,culture and recreation.Secondly,based on the classification and interpretation of remote sensing images of land use at different time periods,the value assessment study of ecosystem services in the study area was conducted scientifically using relevant assessment methods,and the spatial and temporal evolution of ecosystem service values was analyzed.The results of ecosystem service value assessment in the study area in 2005,2010,2015 and 2020 showed that although the value of supply services has been increasing in recent years,the value of three types of services,namely regulation,support and culture,has continued to decrease,resulting in an overall trend of decrease in the value of integrated ecosystem services in the coastal zone of Dongying City,i.e.there is a certain degradation of the coastal zone ecosystem in the study area.Spatial mapping of its value assessment results showed that,from the temporal point of view,the area of the high-value area of supply services in the study area grew significantly,while the area of the high-value area of the other three types of services receded significantly;from the spatial point of view,the highvalue area of supply services was mainly concentrated in the northwestern,eastern along and southern areas of the coastal zone,while the regulating,supporting and cultural services showed an overall decay,and the value volume decreased The serious areas are concentrated along the northern part of the coastline and the southern part of the study area.Finally,on the basis of value assessment and spatial and temporal evolution analysis,statistical analysis and scenario simulation were used to investigate the trade-offs of ecosystem services in the Dongying coastal zone,and to select the optimal scenario to guide socio-economic development and ecological environmental protection in the study area.By re-evaluating the value of ecosystem services in the Dongying coastal zone under the optimal scenario,the main supply areas of various services were identified,and the spatial functional zoning of the coastal zone in the study area was finally determined after comparing and verifying the evaluation results with those of the previous four time periods.On the basis of the results of the spatio-temporal trade-off study of ecosystem services,optimization strategies and spatial control measures were further proposed for the spatial functional zones in order to realize the harmonious development of human and nature.