The Impact Of China’s Import And Export Trade On Carbon Emissions

Since the implementation of the development policy of reform and opening up,the economic and trade exchanges between China and the rest of the world have become increasingly frequent,and China has become a major foreign trade country in the world.China has not only enjoyed the huge dividend of economic development promoted by opening up,but also effectively promoted the development of the world economy.At the same time,China’s environmental pollution and carbon emissions have become increasingly prominent in the development of import and export trade,and become an important factor endangering China’s ecological environment.Relevant studies have shown that there is a close relationship between import and export trade and carbon emissions,which makes carbon emissions not only an ecological and environmental issue,but also a comprehensive issue involving the interaction of society,ecology,foreign trade and other fields.Although China has made great achievements in economic and social development,it is still a developing country.The process of industrialization has not been completely completed,and there are still many problems in the development of industries with high energy consumption and high pollution.Moreover,regional development differences are obvious.Based on the above situation,China has formulated a low-carbon economic development strategy,trying to change the development mode of import and export trade,and reduce China’s carbon emissions through the transformation of import and export trade mode.Based on the research results of scholars at home and abroad,and based on the environmental Kuznets curve,environmental effects of foreign trade,pollution paradise hypothesis,protective trade theory and other theories,this paper uses literature analysis and empirical research methods to study the impact of China’s import and export trade on carbon emissions.First of all,from the Angle of time series trend and the spatial distribution pattern is analyzed the trend of China’s foreign trade structure and trend of carbon emissions structure,on this basis,the research on the impact of import trade on carbon emissions technology spillover effects and the effects of environmental regulation and effect of the structure of export trade influence on carbon emissions,such as scale effect mechanism.Secondly,empirical research methods are used to analyze the effect of foreign trade on carbon emissions.First,the panel fixing effect method is used to study the regression analysis results of the impact of foreign trade on carbon emissions.The instrumental variable method and re-measurement of carbon emissions were used to conduct a robust analysis of the impact of foreign trade on carbon emissions,and the mechanism of the impact of foreign trade on carbon emissions was tested from the perspectives of technology spillover,structure effect,regulation effect and scale effect.Based on the perspective of subregional heterogeneity,this paper conducts a heterogeneity test on the impact of foreign trade on carbon emissions.Through the study,the following conclusions are drawn: First,the total volume of China’s import and export trade and carbon emissions are increasing,but the growth rate is slowing down,and the spatial distribution difference of import and export trade and carbon emissions is relatively significant,mostly in the eastern region,relatively less in the central and western regions.Second,China’s import and export trade mainly acts on carbon emissions through technology spillover effect of import trade on carbon emissions,environmental regulation effect,and structural effect and scale effect of export trade on carbon emissions.It is pointed out that import trade can reduce carbon emissions through technology spillover effect and environmental regulation effect.However,export trade can reduce carbon emissions through structural effect and scale effect.At the same time,after regression analysis,robustness test and heterogeneity test,it is found that there is a negative correlation between the export trade volume and the import trade volume and carbon emissions.Effect of import trade through technology spillover effect,environmental regulation has a negative effect on carbon emissions,and the export trade structure effect and scale effect to reduce the carbon emissions,makes the impact of foreign trade on carbon emissions further validation mechanism,thus for our country to develop foreign trade to reduce carbon emissions is more favorable.