| On the morning of March 11,2021,the Fourth Session of the Thirteenth National People’s Congress reviewed and approved the Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for the National Economic and Social Development of the People’s Republic of China and the Outline of Long-Term Goals for 2035,which launched China’s Fourteenth Five-Year Plan."Plan a new journey.In the "14th Five-Year Plan",for the first time,the goal of increasing the proportion of non-fossil energy to about20%,as well as the coordinated control of PM2.5 and ozone,was proposed.This shows the determination of the Chinese government to tackle environmental pollution.Beginning in 2007,energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures have been designated as special fiscal expenditures,separately listed in the financial budget and final accounts,and earmarked for special purposes.Over the past ten years,energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures have maintained a relatively high growth rate.The growth rate of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures is generally higher than the growth rate of actual GDP and fiscal revenue over the same period.This paper aims to study the effect of energy conservation and environmental protection expenditures on the improvement of the ecological environment.The results are obtained through the following processing using panel data of various provinces and cities:1.Under the assumption of the stochastic frontier production function,regression analysis of the dependent variable of the actual GDP of each province and city and independent variables of employment,total capital formation,pollutant emission levels.According to the regression results,this article finds that the relationship between pollutant emission levels and economic growth conforms to the "Kuznets Curve" theory,that is,economic growth in the early stage of economic development is accompanied by increased pollution,and as the economic scale continues to expand,economic growth will bring "Marginal pollution" is less,and even a negative marginal effect appears.In some areas of China,such as Beijing,the inflection point of the "Kuznets curve" has already appeared.2.Through the regression model of the stochastic frontier production function,this paper keeps the actual GDP,employment population,and total capital formation of each province and city unchanged,and calculates the optimal pollutant emissions of each province and city without technical inefficiency,and then Comparing with the actual pollutant emissions,the environmental efficiency index is formed.The greater the value of environmental efficiency,the higher the effectiveness of environmental pollution control in the area under the current technical level.3.Under the assumption of the fixed effects model,regression analysis of the relationship between the environmental efficiency index of the dependent variable and the independent variable energy conservation and environmental protection expenditure,through the regression results,this paper finds that energy conservation and environmental protection funds do have a positive impact on the ecological environment.In order to better protect the ecological environment,we first need to improve the efficiency of the use of energy conservation and environmental protection funds,make full use of funds,and guide social funds from the institutional level.Therefore,at the end of the article,this article puts forward policy recommendations to promote the improvement of the ecological environment:First,reasonable allocation of special funds for energy conservation and environmental protection,innovative fund management models,and real-time tracking of the operations of enterprises or departments that use environmental protection funds Status,feasibility studies for the environmental protection projects applied to ensure that financial funds are allocated to the most needed and suitable environmental protection projects to achieve the optimal allocation of environmental protection resources;second,formulate scientific and reasonable ecological environmental protection policies and innovate systems Construction,internalize the pollution cost of the ecological environment,and use the power of the market to guide the development of the society toward an ecological and environmentally friendly society,such as the establishment of a carbon trading market;third,establish a comprehensive and systematic performance evaluation system for special funds for energy conservation and environmental protection,including selecting scientific and reasonable indicators,setting appropriate weights,and expanding the evaluation of environmental protection projects Scope,so that each environmental protection project can be objectively and comprehensively reviewed,and promote the improvement of environmental protection efficiency of environmental protection projects. |
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