Research On The Temporal And Spatial Evaluation Characteristics And Fairness Evaluation Of Footprint Family Indictors And Urban Development Index In Guanzhong Area

The rapid development urbans of the west area have led to excessive consumption of natural resources.The CDI ignores the impact of the fairness of ecological occupancy on the ecosystem,which is difficult to reflect the true level of achieving the United Nations’ 17 sustainable development goals(17SDGs).The Guanzhong area is in a critical period of industrial transformation and upgrading and the development of new urbanization.With the advancement of the Guanzhong collaborative innovation development strategy,insufficient ecological capacity and excessive environmental pressure are becoming the focus of social attention and have become the main factors restricting the high-quality development of Guanzhong.The development level of new-type urbanization in Guanzhong area needs to be improved and the rapid urban spatial expansion continues to encroach on ecological land,leading to prominent human-land conflicts.Industrial development is relatively dependent on resources,and energy saving and emission reduction are difficult.Energy consumption presents the "high carbon" economic characteristics of high energy consumption and high pollution.Heavy industry and high energy consumption industries account for a large proportion of the industry.The energy consumption structure dominated by coal has made the situation of atmospheric environmental quality in Guanzhong area severe and has become one of the regions with serious air pollution in the country.The concentration of urban water pollutants in the region is relatively high,the quality of the water environment is poor overall,the rainwater discharge facility system is not perfect,drinking water sources are difficult to fully protect,and per capita water resources are scarce.Taking the fair allocation of natural resources as the criterion of utilization,it points out the direction for the coordinated development of urban development and ecological environment in Guanzhong area.Evaluating the fairness of urban ecological occupancy can not only make up for the lack of the city development index(CDI)system’s ignorance of the ecosystem’s supporting role in urban development,but also comprehensively measure the potential impact of the fairness of ecological occupancy on the realization of 17SDGs,not only for relevant government departments in ecological policy to provide scientific basis for construction,it also broadens the research and application fields of ecological occupancy fairness evaluation for urban implementation of SDGsBased on the analysis of the current situation of urban development in Guanzhong area,the paper discusses the problems in urban development in Guanzhong area from the aspects of land use structure,energy structure,water use structure and development differences Based on describing the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of the Guanzhong area’s CDI,per capita ecological footprint(ef),per capita carbon footprint(cf)and per capita water footprint(wf)from 2007 to 2018,the Gini coefficient(GC)was used to reveal the impact of unfair ecological occupancy on the 17SDGs of urbans.The results show that,first,the overall status of urban development in Guanzhong area is performing well,but there are still problems such as insufficient living land,prominent contradiction between coal and electricity,serious groundwater overexploitation,and large development differences;Second,the results show that the average annual growth of CDI in each city in Guanzhong area is in the range of[1.66%,2.52%],but the average annual growth of ef,cf,and wf is in the range of[1.46%,5.53%],[-3.70%,7.30%]and[-3.62%,4.41%]respectively.It shows that urban development does not match the use of urban resources.Third,in terms of time dimension,the results of fairness evaluation show that the matching degree of ecological pressure and CDI is relatively fair and stable;the spatial equilibrium degree of carbon pressure and water resource pressure and CDI has decreased.The matching degree of carbon pressure and carbon carrying capacity tends to be optimized;the matching degree of ecological pressure with ecological carrying,and water pressure with water carrying tends to be unfair.The above results will affect the urbans to achieve SDG6,SDG13 and SDG15.In terms of spatial dimension,Baoji’s overall situation is better than other cities,followed by Xi’an.The main problem in Xi’an lies in the insufficient carrying capacity of land resources,which restricts the development of the city.Finally,it puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the regional ecological environment governance framework,strengthen regional air pollution control and waste management,promote urban and rural sewage treatment and garbage classification,establish a regional ecological environment joint protection and joint governance mechanism,and build a regional ecological environment information disclosure mechanism.Using CDI,footprint family indicators and GC to establish an analytical framework for monitoring the fairness of urbans’socioeconomic activities and ecological occupancy will help reveal the potential impact of weighing ecological environmental governance policies on urbans development in different SDGs.