Preparation Of Activated Carbon From Cigarette Butts And Its Application In Heavy Mental Removal

With the development of social economy,a large number of domestic wastes such as cigarette butts are produced,and the water pollution mainly caused by heavy metal ions has also appeared.Activated carbon is the most common adsorbent material,which can be used to remove heavy metal pollution in water.In this paper,activated carbon was prepared from cigarette butts and applied to the removal of heavy metal ions in environmental water samples,which provides a new idea for the recycling of cigarette butts and other domestic wastes.The specific research contents are as follows:1)Activated carbon was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization and KOH activation method,and the activation temperature was optimized.The results showed that the adsorption capacity of cigarette butts derived activated carbon for Pb²⁺reached up to 249.3mg/g.The obtained cigarette butts were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）,fourier transform infrared spectroscopy（FT-IR）,elemental analysis,specific surface area and pore size distribution analysis.The specific surface area of the cigarette butts is up to 701.3 m²/g,and the average pore size is 2.2 nm.2)We investigated the adsorption behavior of cigarette butts for heavy metal ions.The results showed that the activated carbon can effectively remove a variety of heavy metal ions in a wide range of p H,and the optimal p H is 5.The adsorption process of cigarette butts can be described well by the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal adsorption model,and the adsorption process belongs to the monolayer adsorption,which can quickly adsorb Pb²⁺.3)HNO₃ was used as regenerating agent.Its desorption effect on Pb²⁺and the recovery effect of activated carbon adsorbent were studied.The reusage of adsorption materials in environmental water samples was studied.Finally,the adsorption capacity was compared with other carbonaceous adsorbents.The results showed that when the concentration of HNO₃was 1.5 mol/L,Pb²⁺can be completely desorbed within 5 minutes,and the regenerated adsorbent material can be used for ion adsorption for at least four times with the adsorption efficiency about 75%.The removal rate of Pb²⁺in the environmental sample was as high as85%,showing a relatively strong ability of ion anti-interference.cigarette butts-derived activated carbon material has simple synthesis process,high adsorption capacity,which is a good cost effective adsorbent material.