Research On The Environmental Protection Behavior Of Cotton Farmers In Xinjiang Under The Constraint Of Environmental Regulation

Agricultural non-point source pollution and environmental problems are one of the major challenges in China at present.But environmental regulation is not very restrictive in agriculture.The legal provisions pay more attention to the environmental regulation of the secondary industry.Xinjiang is the largest cotton production base in China,and the cotton planting area has reached 2.54×10~6hm~2in 2019.With the expansion of cotton acreage,The problem of agricultural non-point source pollution in Xinjiang is more prominent due to mulching residue,pesticide abuse and excessive application of chemical fertilizer.On February 17,2015,the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Administration proposed the"Action Plan for Zero Growth in the Use of Fertilizers and Pesticides by 2020".In March 2016,Xinjiang also promulgated and implemented the"farmland plastic film management regulations of the autonomous region".The Measures for Environmental Management of Soil on Agricultural Land was promulgated in 2017.How does environmental regulation affect farmers’willingness to protect production environment?Whether environmental regulation plays a normative role in the production environment protection behavior of farmers?Whether the effect of environmental regulation on agricultural non-point source pollution is significant?These problems become the focus of attention of the whole society.This paper chooses the field research method and empirical analysis method.Based on the questionnaire survey of cotton growers in key cotton planting counties in Xinjiang.By classifying environmental regulation as command and control type,publicity and education type and economic incentive type.In this paper,the ordered Probit model,multivariate Probit model and binary Logistic model are used to explore whether environmental regulation plays a normative role in cotton farmers,whether the farmers have the will to act and the factors,as well as the impact of environmental regulations on the willingness and behavior of cotton farmers in Xinjiang to protect their production environment and the differences.It provides reference and suggestions for the government to formulate laws and regulations related to ecological management,such as soil pollution prevention and control.The results showed that:First,in the model of environmental regulation on willingness,publicity and educational environmental regulation had the greatest impact on the willingness of cotton farmers to protect the environment,while command-and-control regulation was not significant in the willingness model,and economic incentive regulation did not pass the significance test on the willingness of cotton farmers to protect the environment.On the other hand,cotton farmers’willingness to protect the environment was also affected by the age,education level,planting scale,environmental literacy and environmental skills of cotton farmers.Second,environmental rules have different effects on environmental protection behaviors of different types of cotton farmers.In the behavior model,the command-and-control environmental regulation had the most obvious effect on the treatment behavior of waste plastic film.The gender of cotton farmers,the pollution cognition of agricultural inputs and the environmental protection law cognition had the greatest positive promoting effect on the disposal behavior of waste plastic film.The education level,planting income and environmental protection obligation cognition of cotton farmers had the greatest positive promoting effect on fertilizer application behavior.The planting scale of cotton farmers had the greatest positive effect on soil management techniques.Third,to explore the intention and behavior difference between the influence factors of model,type the command control environment regulation,publicity and educational environment regulation,economic incentive environmental regulation,cotton farmers age,education level,planting scale,the agricultural inputs of cognitive skills and environment pollution are affecting farmers production environmental protection intention and behavior differences between the main factors.Therefore,we believe that while strengthening the command-and-control and economic incentive environmental regulations to regulate the production and environmental protection behavior of cotton farmers,we should pay more attention to the positive role of publicity and education environmental regulations and environmental protection technology training in shaping the cotton farmers’consciousness of environmental protection behavior.