Emission Reduction Policy And SocialWelfare ——Based On The Perspective Of Dynamic Game

With the first industrial revolution to the present of the 21 st century,the progress of science and technology has brought a qualitative leap forward to human life,but the cost is the waste of resources and the destruction of the environment.As the first carbon emission country in the world,energy conservation and emission reduction is imminent.As an effective environmental protection policy,carbon tax has been adopted by many countries in the world.Technology innovation subsidies also play a role in encouraging enterprises to carry out low-carbon technology research and development.Therefore,this paper establishes a duopoly game model between two enterprises,and then forms a new Stackelberg model game nested model with the government.Under the environmental regulation policy of government levying carbon tax and granting technology innovation subsidies,this paper uses the reverse induction method to solve the decision-making between enterprises and the government under the two modes of independent innovation and cooperative innovation,and also the relationship among the carbon tax rate,technological innovation subsidy rate,enterprise profit and total social welfare.Firstly,this paper constructs a nested model under the independent innovation mode,and divides the game process into three stages: in the first stage,the government sets the carbon tax rate and technology innovation subsidy rate first;in the second stage,enterprises determine the carbon emission reduction per unit product according to the carbon tax rate and technological innovation subsidy rate;in the third stage,the duopoly model is used to determine the production output of the two enterprises.Secondly,use matlab to simulate the results of the game model,and then make the results of the numerical simulation into a more intuitive image for analysis.Combined with the results of theoretical analysis and numerical analysis,we find that: 1)In the independent innovation mode and cooperative innovation mode,the equilibrium output is negatively correlated with carbon tax rate,initial carbon emissions and technological innovation cost parameters,and positively correlated with the subsidy rate of technological innovation;2)the equilibrium carbon emission reduction per unit product is positively correlated with carbon tax rate and technological innovation subsidy rate,and is positively correlated with initial carbon emissions and technological innovation cost parameters;3)the equilibrium price of products is positively correlated with the carbon tax rate,initial carbon emissions and technological innovation cost parameters,and negatively related to the subsidy rate of technological innovation;4)the carbon tax is used to urge enterprises to carry out cooperative innovation technology research and development.