Remote Sensing Monitoring And Analysis Of Forest Eco-environmental In The Northern Foot Of Mid-Tianshan Mountains

Forest ecological environment factor is an important parameter for evaluating forest ecological environment.Understanding the changes of regional forest ecological environment and monitoring of ecological environment are of guiding significance for sustainable development of forestry ecological environment and scientific evaluation of ecological environment.In this paper,the forest area of Fukang State-owned Forestry Administration in the north foot of Mid-Tianshan Mountains is taken as the research area.Landsat ETM+/OLI remote sensing images of 1999 and 2016 before and after the Natural Forest Protection Project are selected.Combined with the regional forest resources data,meteorological data,DEM data and soil types,Remote Sensing Extraction of forest ecological factors in the central Tianshan Mountains is carried out.Through the construction of comprehensive remote sensing ecological index model,This paper analyses the changes of ecological environment and provides scientific basis and method for monitoring the forest ecological environment in the north foot of Mid-Tianshan Mountains.The results are as follows:(1)Based on the environmental characteristics of the study area,the related data were analyzed and collected.The land surface temperature,humidity,vegetation index,vegetation coverage,net primary productivity,bare soil index,soil erosion index,elevation,slope and aspect of the forest ecological environment in the northern foot of the Mid-Tianshan Mountains were selected,and the indexes were extracted by remote sensing using spatial information technology and remote sensing technology.These indicators reflect the quilty of the ecological environment of the study area.(2)On the basis of RSEI method,combining with the environmental characteristics of the study area,standardize the indexes of temperature,humidity,vegetation index,vegetation coverage,net primary productivity,bare soil index and soil erosion,using principal component analysis method to couple the factor indexes,build the ecological comprehensive index model,and get the distribution map of ecological index and change detection distribution map from 1999 to 2016.The ecological environment of the study area was monitored and analyzed by these maps.(3)According to the comprehensive ecological index,the ecological environment of the study area was monitored and analyzed from different perspectives.1)On the spatial scale,the distribution of ecological environment quality in the study area shows the overall distribution characteristics of"poor in the north and south,better in the middle".The qulity of eco-environment in excellent and good areas is mainly distributed in the middle of the study area.;2)On the time scale,After the implementation of the Natural Forest Resources Protection Project in the study area,the overall ecological environment quality has been improved.The area of improvement is 93.519 km~2,accounting for 10.19%of the total area,but there are also some local ecological environment deterioration phenomena.The area is7.712 km~2,accounting for 0.848%of the total area.3)From the altitude point of view,the proportion of areas with excellent and good ecological environment grade in total area is larger in the range of 1700-2700m.From 1999 to 2016,the proportion of areas with excellent and good ecological environment grade at different elevations has increased;4)From the aspect of slope,the proportion of excellent and good ecological environment is higher between 5°-45°and the proportion of good and good ecological environment is higher than that below 5°and above 45°.The ecological environment quality is poor and relatively poor;5)From the aspect of slope,the proportion of ecological environment is relatively high between 0°-67.5°and 247.5°-360°;6)From the point of view of land type,the ecological environment of woodland type is excellent and good,the ecological environment of grassland type is mainly medium,and the corresponding ecological environment grade of bare land type is mainly poor.And poor is dominant.