Research On The Evaluation Of Ecological Environmental Competitiveness Of Hunan Province Based On Prefectures

Since the new era,under the guidance of Xi Jinping’s ecological civilization thought,the concept of ecological environmental protection,green development and ecological civilization has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people.The status and role of ecological environment in the process of national and regional development has become increasingly prominent.The competitiveness of ecological environment is an important index to measure the advanced nature of regional development mode and its development potential.It is also the basic factor and key element of regional comprehensive strength,which has far-reaching impact on regional development.Hunan is an important province in the Yangtze River economic belt.The development planning outline of the Yangtze River Economic Belt(2016)proposed a new development pattern of "one axis,two wings,three poles and multiple points",which has brought unprecedented strategic opportunities for Hunan’s development.By studying the literature and policies and regulations of eco-environmental competitiveness at home and abroad,the basic connotation of eco-environmental competitiveness is defined.Taking the eco-environmental competitiveness of 14 prefectures and cities in Hunan Province as the index layer,five standard layers,namely ecological resources,environmental conditions,economic and social,management response and development potential,are selected to screen forest coverage,total water resources,urban sewage treatment rate and urban air quality The evaluation index system of eco-environmental competitiveness of Hunan Province was constructed.This paper collects the data from 2009 to 2018,calculates and evaluates the eco-environmental competitiveness of Hunan Province by using the principal component analysis method;then analyzes the original data by using SPSS and Arc GIS software,leads out the chart,and makes a comparative analysis combined with the time and space evolution;in order to analyze the comparative advantages and comparative advantages of various prefectures and cities.The results show that:(1)there is a big gap in the eco-environmental competitiveness among the prefectures and cities in Hunan Province,which needs to be strengthened as a whole;(2)from the overall score of eco-environmental competitiveness,the prefectures and cities at the two ends of the ranking sequence are relatively stable,with little change.The comprehensive eco-environmental competitiveness of Changsha,the capital of Hunan Province,has always been the first in the province,and it is in a "unique" position in Hunan Province,and the overall competitiveness is "strong in the East and weak in the west";(3)in terms of individual competitiveness,the scores of each sub item competitiveness of most prefectures and cities are lower than the average level of the province,and the phenomenon of "low-level agglomeration" is obvious.Through the analysis of the principal component factors affecting the eco-environmental competitiveness of Hunan Province,it is found that the core development factors affecting the eco-environmental competitiveness of Hunan Province have not changed fundamentally in 10 time sections.However,according to the score of Hunan Province’s eco-environmental comprehensive competitiveness,14 prefectures and cities are divided into five levels to analyze the spatial differentiation of eco-environmental competitiveness.It is found that the eco-environmental competitiveness system of Hunan Province is transiting from "pyramid type" to "olive type",and the overall eco-environmental competitiveness will gradually increase.The spatial evolution of eco-environmental competitiveness in Hunan Province is analyzed by using inverse distance interpolation method.The conclusion is that the two expansion centers of "one south and one north" have been formed in prefectures and cities of Hunan Province,but the overall imbalance structure of"strong in the East and weak in the west" is still present.On the basis of the evaluation of Hunan Province’s eco-environmental competitiveness and the results of space-time evolution,this paper puts forward countermeasures according to local conditions,so as to provide eco-environmental governance measures for Hunan’s "three high and four new" strategy.