Study On Occupational Hazard Risk Assessment Of Benzene Series At Low Concentration Exposure Level In Automobile Maintenance Industry

The inherent toxicity of benzene and its homologues cause health damage to human body.Benzene series still pose a threat to the occupational health of operators when the concentration is lower than the occupational exposure limit.Long-term exposure to low concentration benzene series cause damage to the blood system.Therefore,to assess the occupational health risks and the degree of damage caused by the exposure of low-concentration benzene series to the workers in the auto repair industry,according to the dose-response relationship between risk level and health damage,analyze the harm caused by different benzene series concentrations to the exposed personnel,and implement effective protection.It is of great practical significance to provide practical methods for occupational health management of employers.In this study,the car repair workshop in Beijing area was used as the research site.Applying of Singapore semi-quantitative risk assessment method for occupational exposure to chemical toxicants,assessment of occupational hazard risk of exposure to low concentration benzene series,and conducting a dose-response study of occupational health damage at different risk levels based on the results of the assessment grading and combined with occupational health physical examination data,Assess occupational health damage from exposure to low concentrations of benzene series in the auto repair industry.The results of the semi-quantitative risk assessment method show that although the concentrations of benzene,toluene and xylene in all workplaces did not exceed the standard,the harm caused by low-concentrations of benzene series to the occupational health of workers can be divided into 0.052mg/m~3 to 22.81 mg/m~3(low risk),24.72 mg/m~3 to 47.22 mg/m~3(medium risk),48.63 mg/m~3 to49.68 mg/m~3(high risk).The results of the dose-response study include:long-term exposure to low concentrations of benzene series will cause blood pressure to rise,and it will also cause certain damage to the kidneys and liver and other organs,showing abnormal urine routines and liver and spleen ultrasonography abnormalities;different concentrations of benzene series have a dose of damage to blood routine and liver function,The reaction relationship shows that as the risk continues to increase,the abnormal rate of white blood cells,neutrophils and alanine aminotransferase continues to increase;different age groups of benzene no obvious trend relationship with liver function,and there have a dose-response relationship with blood routine abnormality rate,which shows that the abnormal rate of white blood cells and neutrophils gradually increases;different working age groups have a significant increase in blood routine and liver function abnormality rate year by year,and there is a dose-reaction relationship.Therefore,in order to protect the occupational health of the workers in the auto repair industry,this article proposes corresponding measures from different aspects of management,technology,monitoring,and personal protection.