Refining And Polymerization Of Coking Kerosene To Produce High-viscosity Lubricant Base Oil

At present,there are obvious shortcomings in the production ofα-olefins and poly-α-olefin（PAO）synthesis technology in China.The related technologies ofα-olefin production have been monopolized by western developed countries,and high-quality PAO has long been dependent on imports.Therefore,the development of economically feasibleα-olefin preparation and polymerization technology is very necessary for the development of PAO base oil in China,so as to promote the development of base oil in China and shorten the gap with foreign countries.With the increasing shortage of petroleum resources,in order to adapt to the situation in China is"more coal and less oil",the use of low utilization rate and high unsaturated hydrocarbon content of coking kerosene fractions to enrich and crack mixedα-olefin oligomerization to prepare PAO technology can alleviate high-end PAO Long-term dependence on import demand of China.Taking the coking kerosene fraction of a refinery as the raw material,the complex extraction process is used to refine theα-olefins and alkanes in the raw oil.The effects of different complex extraction agents and operating conditions such as temperature on the refining were investigated,and their characterization and analysis were carried out.The results show that:Ag⁺reagent 1,N-methylpyrrolidone（NMP）is used as the complex extraction agent,the extraction temperature is 60℃,the mass ratio of agent to oil is 0.5:1,and the laboratory self-made adsorbent is used for the purification effect.optimal.The refined product oil yield obtained through the experiment is 83.45%;the purifiedα-olefin mass fraction can reach70.07%;the carbon number of the refined oil The distribution is mainly between C₈-C₁₄.FT-IR characterization results show that the functional groups contained in the coking kerosene fraction are mainly O—H,C—H and RCH==CH₂,and the obtained refined oil can be used for polymerization to generate PAO.The complex extraction method is used to enrich the linearα-olefin in the feedstock oil,and the Lewis acid cation catalyst is used to produce low-viscosity poly-α-olefin base oil（PAO）through oligomerization.The reaction temperature in the low temperature section and the low temperature section are investigated through experiments.The reaction time,catalyst dosage,addition polymerization reaction and time and other process conditions affect the properties of the polymerized product,and the kinematic viscosity,viscosity index,PAO crude product yield and pour point of the product oil at 100℃ are measured.The optimal reaction conditions are verified through experiments.Linearα-olefin is used as raw material,and Lewis acid cation catalyst with 6%mass fraction of refined oil is added.The reaction temperature in the low temperature section is 20℃,and the reaction time in the low temperature section reaches 8 h.When the polymerization temperature is 80℃ and the time reaches 2 h,the polymerization reaction effect is good:100℃ kinematic viscosity is 20.81mm~2·s^-1,viscosity index is 138,pour point is-50℃,flash point is 261℃,yield is 85.48%.Compared with PAO 10 standard,it is a low-viscosity lubricating base oil.The metallocene catalyst system rac-Et（1-Ind）₂Zr Cl₂/Al（i Bu）₃/[Me₂NHPh]⁺[B（C₆F₅）₄]catalyzed by complex extraction process to obtain mixedα-olefins was studied.The polymerization reaction.The effects of Zr/olefin molar ratio,Al/Zr molar ratio,low-temperature reaction temperature,low-temperature reaction time,polyaddition reaction and time on the conversion rate,viscosity index and pour point of the product were investigated.Under optimized conditions,the polymer has a high viscosity index of 163,a pour point of-50℃,and an open flash point of 291℃.The lubricant base oil obtained meets the PAO 40 standard.Compared with the Lewis acid cation catalyst,the metallocene catalyst has better properties and higher viscosity index.The high temperature gas chromatography of the polymer produced by the metallocene catalyst shows that the carbon number distribution of the polymer product oil is between C₈ and C₁₄,and the content of C₁₁ in the light fraction is the highest;most of theα-olefins in the feed oil are involved in the polymerization.Obtain high-viscosity poly-α-olefin（PAO）.In addition,the distillation range of high-viscosity polymerized product oil is wider than that of low-viscosity PAO,and the distillation range is higher than that of feedstock oil and low-viscosity PAO.