Study On The Degradability Of Biodegradable Synthetic Fibers And Fabrics

As a pillar industry of China's national economy,the textile industry plays an important role in the process of China's economic development.With the continuous growth of textile consumption,the emergence of various new materials continues to meet people's growing life and cultural needs.At present,people use a wide variety and quantity of textiles in production and life,and there are various products with complex structures such as pure spinning and blending,natural fibers and chemical fibers.Chemical synthetic fibers are still widely used due to their irreplaceability.However,synthetic fibers are difficult to degrade into the natural environment,so studying how to treat synthetic fibers without pollution is a real problem.In the production process of polyamide fiber,polypropylene fiber and polyester fiber,synthetic fiber with certain biodegradability is obtained by mixing the slices with biodegradable auxiliaries according to a certain weight ratio and then melt spinning.The following conclusions were drawn by combining soil landfill,composting and other degradation methods with fracture strength,weight loss rate,infrared spectroscopy,chromatography,BET and other analytical methods to comprehensively analyze the changes in the physical and chemical structure of synthetic fibers in the process of biodegradation1.Polyamide fabrics have hydrophilic amide bonds with good hydrophilicity in the macromolecular structure of soil landfill degradation,so the degradation performance is excellent during the degradation process.In the process of degradation,microorganisms break the amide bonds in polyamide macromolecules,and the carbon single bond in the macromolecular chain decreases strongly after degradation;the weight loss rate of polyamide fabrics is obvious during degradation;the fiber surface is cracked and damaged due to microbial action;and the specific surface area and pore size are increased.2.Polypropylene fabrics(non-woven fabrics)have poor degradation performance during soil landfill degradation.In the degradation process,microorganisms act on the macromolecular chain of polypropylene,so that the binding force of carbon-carbon single bond has decreased,but no obvious fracture has occurred;the weight loss rate of the fragile fabric due to the nonwoven fabrics structure has decreased significantly;the surface of the fabric has disappeared from the fiber exposure due to microbial action;and the specific surface area and pore size have increased.3.Polyester fabrics have a multiporous structure,so they show a certain degree of biodegradability in the process of compost degradation and soil landfill degradation.According to the test standard of ASTM D5511,the biodegradation rate in the 45-day degradation process is 7.08%,and the degradation trend is still rising;in the process of soil landfill degradation,microorganisms act on the ester bonds of polyester macromolecules,which reduces the strength of macromolecular chains and increases the specific surface area and pore size.4,.The addition of biodegradable additives has a negative impact on the mechanical properties of the fabric,the fabric with good hydrophilicity is susceptible to the action of microorganisms in the degradation process,the larger the specific surface area of the microorganism,the easier it is to adhere to the surface of the fiber for degradation,...