| Palm trees,which originated in China,have a long history of application and environmental protection,and are widely planted in southwest China,thus producing a large number of windmill palm fiber resources.At present,the applications of windmill palm fiber at home and abroad are mostly concentrated in the fields of composite materials and engineering,and there are relatively few windmill palm fiber products for clothing and home textiles.In this paper,the original windmill palm fiber was used as raw material to develop windmill palm fiber fabrics and composites,expand their application fields and improve the utilization rate of windmill palm fiber.The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:（1）Using original windmill palm fiber as raw material,lignin-removed windmill palm fiber and hemicellulose-removed windmill palm fiber were obtained by acid-alkali treatment,and the surface morphology,thermal and mechanical properties of windmill palm fiber composed of three substances were tested and analyzed.The results show that different chemical treatments make the surface of windmill palm fiber present different shapes,the surface of untreated windmill palm fiber is obviously concave and convex,and the surface has holes containing spiny spherical silica.The surface of hemicellulose-removed windmill palm fiber contains a lot of granular substances,and lignin-removed windmill palm fiber is smooth.In terms of thermal properties,the initial decomposition temperature and gradual decomposition temperature of original windmill palm fiber are the highest,reaching 238.65℃and 403.47℃respectively;the initial decomposition temperature and gradual decomposition temperature of hemicellulose-removed windmill palm fiber are the lowest,reaching 186.44℃and 380.71℃respectively;the mass loss rate of delignified windmill palm fiber is the highest,reaching 64.07%.On the mechanical properties,the tensile cross section,surface morphology and tensile data of three kinds of fibers show that hemicellulose removal can improve the mechanical properties of windmill palm fibers,and its breaking strength and specific work of breaking can reach 241.80 MPa and 41.44 MPa respectively.（2）The weft yarn is windmill palm fiber composed of three substances,and the warp yarn is plain weave,satin weave and twill palm woven fabric,and its ultraviolet resistance,wear resistance,air permeability and mechanical properties are tested.The results show that twill fabric has the best anti-ultraviolet performance among all the anti-ultraviolet properties,in which the UPF value reaches 1100+when the weft is delignified palm fiber,and the anti-ultraviolet performance of delignified palm fabric is the best when the weave structure is the same.Among the three weave structures,twill fabric has the best wear resistance,and the quality loss rate of twill fabric with delignified weft is only 0.79%after wearing for 15,000 turns.Medium-air permeability:the fabric with the same weft and different weave structures has the best air permeability,with the average air permeability of 264.17 mm/s.The fabric with the same weave structure and the original palm fiber has the best air permeability,with an air permeability of 227.79 mm/s.On the tensile property,the average tensile breaking strength of palm fiber fabric with the same texture and hemicellulose as weft is the highest,reaching 17.12 MPa When the weft yarns are the same,the tensile breaking property of the three fabrics with different weave structures,satin fabric,is the best,with an average tensile breaking strength of 15.67 MPa.（3）A composite material with palm sheet,palm fiber and palm fabric as reinforcement and epoxy resin as matrix was prepared.The content of palm flake in the palm flake composite is40%～80%in turn.The tensile mechanical properties show that with the increase of the content of palm flake,the fracture strength and specific work of the palm flake composite basically increase at first and then decrease.The tensile fracture performance is the best when the content is 60%～70%,for example,the fracture strength reaches 78.59 MPa when the content is 60%.In the test of palm fiber composite with 60%content of three substances,the elongation at break and specific work at break of hemicellulose-removed windmill palm fiber composite reached 9.13%and 283.27 KJ/m~2,respectively,and the breaking strength of lignin-removed palm fiber reached 84.59 MPa.When the weft yarn is the same,in the tensile mechanical test of three kinds of palm fabric composites with60%content,the average breaking strength of twill fabric composites is the highest,reaching 68.71MPa,and the specific breaking work of satin fabric is the highest,reaching 249.96 KJ/m~2.When the structure is the same,among the tensile fracture properties of windmill palm fiber weft fabric composites composed of different substances,the elongation at break,breaking strength and specific work at break of windmill palm fiber composites with hemicellulose weft are the highest,which are13.36%,69.89 MPa and 351.36 KJ/m~2 respectively. |
