Study On Tibetan Empire Gold And Silver Wares

Metal making technology was an important handicraft industry in Tibetan Empire,Documents record the exquisite gold and silver wares that Tibetan Empire paid tribute to the Tang Dynasty.The author collected 89 groups of Tibetan Empire gold and silver wares unearthed in archaeology through statistics and classification,135 pieces of Tibetan gold and silver wares lost.According to scholars' dating of tree rings of Tibetan Empire tombs and archaeological research,the approximate age is obtained,the Tibetan Empire gold and silver wares is divided into three periods: The gold and silver wares in the early Tibetan Empire Period were relatively thick,and there were phoenix pattern,lion pattern,deer pattern,honeysuckle pattern and treasure pattern.The overall decoration was simple and clumsy.The process was mostly hammering,chiseling and gilding.There was a pair of Phoenix relic containers,and the remnants were wrapped in gold.The artifacts were occasionally inlaid with small turquoise stones;The characteristics of gold and silver ware in the middle period of Tibetan Empire have changed significantly compared with that in the early period.The way of in laying large Ruby and turquoise on the ware is particularly popular,and the inlay occupies a large area on the ware.A variety of comprehensive processes can be seen on the ware.On the basis of the early period,Tibetan Empire gold and silver wares in this period appeared decorative patterns such as figure pattern,dragon pattern,sheep pattern,winged horse pattern,elephant pattern,twig flower pattern and so on;The animal and plant ornamentation popular in the early and middle periods continued on the gold and silver ware in the late Tibetan Empire Period,but the animal image in this period was weak,the depiction was realistic,the semantics behind the image gradually weakened,and more played a decorative role.The plant ornamentation was extremely complex,and the hollowing out process was particularly popular in this period.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of Tubo gold and silver ware unearthed in different periods,this paper makes a research on the type and age of the containers,harness and horse ornaments,figure ornaments and gold and silver ornaments of Tibetan Empire gold and silver ware collected in this paper.At the same time,the theme and technology of Tubo gold and silver ware are classified and combed.It is found that they are not only influenced by the Han land in the Central Plains,Sasan Persia,sogde and so on,but also retain more cultural characteristics of their own nation,For example,the images of deer,horse,sheep and lion have appeared in the pottery and rock paintings of Tibet in ancient times.Inlaying turquoise on metal objects is also a typical feature of Tubo gold and silver ware technology,which is related to the aesthetics of people on the plateau.Finally,based on the analysis of the type,decoration and technology of the unearthed and scattered Tubo gold and silver ware,the authenticity of the folk collection of Tubo gold and silver ware is identified.