Study Of Phytochemicals In Jackfruit Pulp And Product Development

Jackfruit is a unique tropical fruit widely cultivated in many provinces of southern China.Jackfruit in China has rich germplasm resources and numerous varieties.However,as the main edible part,there is a lack of relevant research on phytochemicals identification and biological activities evaluation of jackfruit pulp.In this paper,the pulp from 5 jackfruit cultivars,consisting of Malaysia 1(M1),Malaysia 2(M2),Malaysia 3(M3),Malaysia 7(M7)and Thailand 5(T5),was selected as raw materials.Jackfruit pulp extracts were investigated in terms of phytochemical profiles,antioxidant,anti-tumor,and anti-inflammatory activities.In addition,the jackfruit juice beverage was developed with jackfruit pulp and yogurt as raw materials.The main research contents were as follows:(1)The jackfruit pulp extracts were obtained by macroporous adsorption resin column chromatography.Their yield order was:T5 > M1 > M3 > M2 > M7 and their total phenolic content order was:T5 > M1 > M7 > M3 > M2.A total of 11 compounds were identified by UHPLC-ESI-Orbitrap-MS/MS analysis,including 7phenolic acids(4-hydroxybenzoic acid,caffeoyl glucoside,caffeic acid,ferulic acid,feruloylsinapic acid,chlorogenic acid and feruloylquinic acid),2 amino acids and their derivatives(tryptophan and tryptophan-N-glucoside),1 organic acid(quinic acid),and 1 glycoside(benzyl alcohol-hexose-pentose).Quantitative analysis was carried out in 7 phenolic acids.The highest content of phenolic acids in all Malaysian cultivars was feruloylquinic acid,while the highest content of phenolic acids in T5 was caffeic acid.(2)The antioxidant activity,anti-tumor activity and anti-inflammatory activity of pulp extracts from 5 jackfruit cultivars were evaluated.The order of antioxidant activity was: T5 > M1 > M7 > M3 > M2,the order of anti-tumor activity was: T5 >M3 > M7 > M2 > M1,and the order of anti-inflammatory activity was: T5 > M1 ?M7 ? M3 > M2.T5 jackfruit pulp extract reduced the migration of neutrophils after tail fin excision of transgenic zebrafish embryos.Principal component analysis(PCA)showed that T5 was clearly distinguished from other Malaysian cultivars.(3)Using M1 jackfruit pulp and yogurt as raw materials,the jackfruit juice beverage was developed by using wet pre-pulverizer equipment and a homogenizer.The proportion of raw materials and added amount of granulated sugar were optimized.The best formula of jackfruit juice beverage was determined as follows:the ratio of jackfruit pulp,yogurt and water was 2:3:4,adding 10% granulated sugar.Besides,according to the provisions of national food safety standard 'general standard for the labeling of prepackaged foods'(GB 7718-2011)and 'standard for nutrition labeling of prepackaged foods'(GB 28050-2011),the labeling of prepackaged jackfruit juice beverage was preliminarily designed.