Study On The Characteristics Of Geographical Environment Changes Under The Influence Of Tourism Activities

In this paper,the author takes the Qionglongshan Scenic Area in Wuzhong District of Suzhou City and the Tianma Mountain Park in Songjiang District of Shanghai as the research areas to investigate the influence of tourism activities on the soil,vegetation and water environment of hilly scenic spots located in hilly regions.According to field investigation and outdoor analytical approach,the author also tries to describe the recovery characteristics of the affected areas under natural conditions.The conclusions are as follows:(1)Festival tourism activities will change the soil physical and chemical properties of scenic spots that located in hilly regions,and the degree of change is highly correlated with the intensity of tourism activities,leading to greater soil spatial heterogeneity.The main influences are: trampling activities will lead to an increase in soil bulk density.In addition,soil moisture content,porosity and organic matter content will decrease,while special tourism activities such as feeding,barbecue and other types will lead to a significant increase in soil organic matter content.In the analysis of the impact effect of interregional tourism,it is found that the dead branch and leaf layer accumulated on the surface are conducive to reducing the impact of tourism activities in the soil environment.(2)In the analysis of the characteristics of soil environmental impact,it is found that the physical indicators of the soil environment are more susceptible to change due to the influence of tourism activities.Because among the various soil indicators,soil bulk density and moisture content are the most sensitive to the response to tourism interference.In the comparative analysis of the degree of influence on scenic spots,it is found that due to factors such as tourist density,type of tourism activities and scenic spot management,barbecue garden attractions are most strongly affected by tourism activities during festival activities.(3)In the analysis of the characteristics of vegetation environmental change,it is found that vegetation height and vegetation coverage are more susceptible to the tourism activities,and the change of vegetation environment is closely related to the change of soil environment.The main realization was that there is a significant correlation between vegetation height and coverage and the comprehensive score of soil environment in the sample.Comparing vegetation height,coverage and rate of change in the number of species,it can be found that vegetation height is the most sensitive to tourism interference.In the correlation analysis between vegetation indicators and distance,it is found that there is a clear linear relationship between the vegetation environmental indicators and the distance from the active central area.(4)In the study of water environmental impact,it is found that all kinds of tourism activities have an impact on the water environment to varying degrees,among which the impact of catering and feeding fish food tourism activities on the water environment is stronger than that of splashing water and leisure,but the degree of water body impact will decrease with the increase of water area.Moreover,COD and TOC are more sensitive to the response of catering and feeding fish food,while DO and TN are more sensitive to the response of water-playing tourism activities.(5)In the special tourism activities represented by barbecue tourism activities,the soil located close to the central activity area is often affected more seriously,and the recovery rate is slow.In the range of 0-10 m from the central area of barbecue activities,due to the continuous impact of high-intensity trampling activities,the soil environment lags behind in the recovery process.As a result,it is impossible to recover naturally in the short term.(6)In the study of vegetation environment restoration in scenic spots,it is found that after the festival activities,the vegetation height and vegetation coverage will take the lead in ushering in the peak of their recovery rate,and the recovery rate of vegetation height will always lead the vegetation coverage and the number of species.The main manifestations are that during the preset recovery period of 4 months,the recovery rate of vegetation height and coverage in the first stage are higher than that in the second stage,and the overall recovery rate of vegetation height is greater than that of vegetation coverage and number of species.(7)In the process of restoring the water environment,it is found that the water environment under the influence of catering activities cannot be restored naturally in the short term.The open water affected by the tourists' water activities in the article recovered quickly at an early stage,while the waters affected by the catering activities recovered slowly and did not return to pre-holiday levels within the preset recovery period.