Diversity Of Halophilic Archaea And Their Extracellular Enzyme-producing Strains In Salt Lakes Of Xinjiang

China is rich in salt lake resources,and Xinjiang is one of the regions where salt lake resources are concentrated.Xinjiang is an arid area,with high sunlight intensity and evaporation,as well as various types of salt.these unique salt lakes contains various of micro organizeams and enzyme-producing microbial resources that different from other lakes.In this study,several salt lakes in Xinjiang were selacted as the research object,and the diversity of halophilic archaea was analyzed by uncultured and culturable methods,and the extracellular enzym-producing strains screened from the isolated halophilic archaea,to enrich the resources of halophilic archaea and enzym-producing strains in our country.In this paper,the sample of Barkol Lake(BLK)p H is 8.53 and the salinity is1.54;the sample of Turpan salt mine pit(TYK)p H is 8.11 and the salinity is 2.94;the sample of Turpan Flame Mountain Shenquan spring(SQ)p H is 8.21 and the salinity is 0.76;the sample of Aibi Lake(AB)p H is 9.06 and a salinity is 1.90;the sample of Dabancheng Salt Lake(DBC)p H is 7.32,salinity is 2.46,using uncultured method for Analysis the halophilic archaeal diversity,the results showed that the number of OTU obtained by the Barkol Lake sample was 131,and the dominant phylum was Euryarchaeota,which accounted for 40% of the total number of microorganisms.Dabancheng Salt Lake,the number of OTUs is 84,and the dominant phylum was Euryarchaeota,which accounts for 65% of the total number of microorganisms.The total number of OTUs obtained by Flame Mountain Shenquan spring in Turpan is 17,and the dominant group at the phylum level is Cloacimonetes,which accounts for 24%of the total number of microorganisms.The total number of OTUs obtained in the Turpan salt water pit is 69,and the dominant phylum is the Proteobacteria,which accounts for 31% of the total number of halophilic microorganisms.The total number of OTUs obtained by Aibi Lake is the smallest,which is 5,and the dominant phylum is Euryarchaeota,accounting for 68% of the total.According to the Alpha diversity index,the sample community in Aibi Lake has the lowest abundance,followed by Turpan flame Mountain Shenquan Spring sample.The community diversity of the salt lake samples in Dabancheng salt lake is the highest.570 halophilic archaea were isolated from six salt lake samples(adding Aiding Lake and Manas Lake samples,and removing Turpan Shenquan samples)using cultivable methods for diversity analysis,which Aiding Lake samples were isolated20 strains of halophilic archaea were divided into 11 genera and 12 species;197strains of halophilic archaea were isolated from the Aibi Lake sample and were divided into 21 genera and 36 species;172 strains were isolated from the Manas Lake sample,divided into 14 species of 7 genera;42 halophilic archaea isolated from Dabancheng salt lake samples,divided into 7 species of 4 genera;19 halophilic archaea isolated from samples of Barkol Lake,divided into 5 species of 5 genera;120strains of halophilic archaea were isolated from the saltwater pit samples of Turpan,and divided into 23 species of 10 genera.Through calculation and comparison of the Shannon diversity index,found that the samples from the six salt lakes were the Shannon diversity high to low were Aibi Lake 3.102,Turpan Saltwater Pit 2.485,Aiding Lake 2.181,Manas Lake 1.870,Dabancheng Salt Lake 1.515,and Barkol Lake 1.133;and the Berger-Parker dominance index were high to low respectively Barkol Lake 0.550,Manas Lake 0.424,Dabancheng Salt Lake 0.405,Aiding Lake0.300,Turpan Saltwater Pit 0.242,Aibi Lake 0.137,meanwhile their dominant genera and dominant species are described.The halophilic archaea isolated from Aiding Lake and Manas Lake have no endemic genera;The halophilic archaea isolated from the Aibi lake samples Halarchaeobius?Halovenus?Halovivax?Natrinema is endemic genera;Halorubellus and Natronoarchaeum are endemic genera of halophilic archaea isolated from Dabancheng Salt Lake;Halohasta is endemic genera of halophilic archaea isolated from Balikun Lake;Halobiforma and Halopiger are the endemic genera of halophilic archaea isolated from the Turpan saltmine pit.;common genera of the halophilic archaea isolated from the six Salt Lake samples is Halorubrum.100 strains were selected from the 570 isolated halophilic archaea.By using the plate screening method,extracellular enzyme-producing strains were screened.The result showed that 33 halophilic archaea with the ability to produce extracellular enzymes were found out of 100 halophilic archaea,and 12 of them were protease-producing strains.The diameter ratio of the transparent circle reached 3.75.There was one strain producing lipase,and the transparent circle diameter ratio reached 3.89.There were 12 strains producing gelatin hydrolase,and the largest transparent circle diameter ratio reached 5.83.There are 21 strains producing amylase,with the largest transparent circle diameter ratio reached 9.2.There are no strains capable of producing the above four enzymes among the 33 halophilic archaea.And both AD-16 and TYK-17 can produce protease,amylase and gelatin hydrolase;AB-54 can produce amylase,gelatin hydrolase and lipase;MNS-39 and TYK-26 can produce protease and gelatin hydrolase;AB-154 and AD9-12 can produce gelatin hydrolase and amylase;AB-17 and MNS-5 can produce amylase and protease.the extracellular enzymes derived from halophilic archaea have excellent properties and have good potential value in high-salt industrial production.