RS And GIS-based Analysis And Research On The Temporal And Spatial Changes Of Loudi's Ecological Environment And Man-made Influencing Factors

Loudi is an important industrial city in Hunan Province,an important reserve base for coal resources and raw materials,with a large population and well-developed transportation.The long-term human activities in this area have had a great impact on the ecological environment.Based on the full reading of the previous data,this article selects Landsat remote sensing data in 1987,1993,1995,2001,2007,2010 and 2017,and establishes the Remote Sensing Ecological Index(RSEI)to evaluate Loudi City The ecological environment quality of 7 years has analyzed the characteristics of the spatial and temporal changes of Loudi's ecological environment in 6 time periods from 1987 to 2017.Based on the spatial analysis function of GIS,the effects of urban expansion,road traffic,coal mining and utilization on local ecological environment changes are analyzed using raster operation,overlay analysis and buffer analysis,landscape ecological analysis method and other functions.This paper mainly obtains the following research results:(1)The law of ecological environment change in the study area from 1987 to2017: The ecological environment of Loudi City is a process of continuous fluctuating development.From 1987 to 1993,the ecological environment of the study area gradually deteriorated.The deterioration is 36.8% better than that of the ecological environment;from 1993 to 1995 the degree of deterioration of the ecological environment deepened,and the area of deterioration was 97.6% more than the area of improvement;the ecological environment began to improve from 1995 to 2001,and the ecological environment became better The area is 97.6% more than the area where the ecological environment has deteriorated;the ecological environment has continued to improve from 2001 to 2007,but the improvement rate has slowed down,and the area where the ecological environment has become better is 80.4% more than the area where the ecological environment has deteriorated;the ecological environment from 2007 to 2010 It started to deteriorate,and the area where the ecological environment deteriorated was 64.8% more than the area where the ecological environment became better;from 2010 to 2017,the ecological environment slowly improved,and the area where the ecological environment became better was 10.8% more than the area where the ecological environment deteriorated.(2)Analysis of changes in the ecological environment of the study area from1987 to 2017: The area of ecological environment change with slight deterioration and basically unchanged has the largest level of change,with small changes.The area with slight improvement has experienced first decline and then increase,then decrease and then increase During the process of change,the range of change is the largest;the area of marked deterioration and marked improvement has the smallest proportion,and the range of change is large.The overall analysis of the ecological environment of the study area began to gradually improve.(3)Analysis of the influencing factors of the ecological environment change:The analysis of the ecological environment changes of Loudi City during the study period with the urban factors,road factors,and coal mine factors shows that urban expansion has a negative effect on the ecological environment changes.According to the scale of development of each city The area of ecological environment deterioration is different.The faster the urban expansion,the larger the area of ecological environment deterioration;the mining and utilization of coal has a negative effect on the changes of the ecological environment.During the study period,the changes in the ecological level of coal mines and surrounding environment are mostly concentrated in significant changes.The difference is slightly worsened and basically unchanged,which shows that as the surrounding ecological environment worsens with the mining of coal mines,the impact of the changes in the ecological environment of the road factor is negative,and it is concentrated in the three levels of significant deterioration,slight deterioration and basically unchanged,The significant and slight changes of roads account for a larger proportion of the significant and slight changes in the surrounding environment of the railway.It can be seen that the negative effects of roads on the ecological environment are greater than that of railways.The road has a negative effect on the ecological environment changes within500 m of the surrounding area,and the impact on the ecological environment may be different in different sections...