Research On Classification Mapping Of Village And Town Settlements Oriented To Spatial Planning

Village settlements are the product of the interaction between human activities and the natural environment,and are the key to promoting urban and rural development.It is the basis for implementing classified management of villages and formulating relevant plans for rural revitalization to carry out spatial classification and mapping of village settlement,and evaluate the quality of the ecological environment on this basis.The method for the classification of village settlements at different spatial scales is established based on the landscape characteristics of village settlements.On this basis,a remote sensing-based evaluation method for the ecological environment quality of village settlements is established.Taking Beijing as a case area,the village settlements were classified and mapped on two spatial scales at the municipal and county levels.The ecological environment quality of different types of village settlement is evaluated by remote sensing ecological environment index.The diversification index,concentration index and location index are used to evaluate the land utilization structure of village settlements at the county level.The specific conclusions are as follows:1)Village settlements should be classified and mapped according to different landscape characteristics at different spatial scales,and a classification system of village settlement at different scales should be established.At the municipal scale,the topography and geomorphic characteristics of village settlements are mainly considered.At the county level,the land use structure factors are included for classification on the basis of the municipal classification.2)A case study of Beijing shows that slope and altitude are the main factors affecting the distribution of village settlements at the municipal scale.The village settlements in Beijing are divided into 11 types such as the settlement of flat slopes in the suburbs of the plain,the settlement of gentle slopes in the far suburbs of the plain,the high platform slope settlement,the high plain flat slope settlement,the settlement on a steep hill,the high altitude settlement,etc.3)The case study of Miyun District in Beijing shows that at the district and county scale,with the township as the smallest unit and the addition of land use structure factors,the village settlements in Miyun District can be divided into 13 types,such as Farming settlements on gentle slopes of plains near urban areas,Mixed settlement of forest and farming on gentle slope on high platform,Mixed settlement of forest and farmland with sufficient water source on gentle slope of high platform,Forest-type settlements on low mountain slopes,ect.The results show that the land use structure of the settlements in the plains and low mountainous areas is unitary,the plains are dominated by arable land,and the low mountainous areas are dominated by woodland.The land use structure of village settlements in the high platform area is more complex.4)At the municipal level,the ecological environment of low-mountainous settlements and high-altitude settlements is good,and ecological conservation should be the main focus.The quality of the ecological environment in the settlements in the outskirts of the plains and the settlements in the high plains is generally good and should be mainly based on ecological protection.The ecological environment of the settlements in the outskirts of the plains is poor and should be mainly based on ecological protection and governance.5)At the county level,forestry settlement is of simple land structure and better ecological environment,which can maintain the advantages of ecological base,so it is suitable for guiding the development of leisure agriculture.The mixed settlements around Miyun Reservoir in high platform area have complex and diverse land structures,and should pay attention to protecting the ecological value of water bodies while maintaining the diversity of land structures.The ecological environment of farming settlements in plain areas is poor,and environmental governance should be strengthened while protecting good farmland.Figures 20;Tables 12;References 69...