Remote Sensing Analysis Of Ecological Land In Simaoba Area And Research On Land Use Optimization

Ecological land is not only an ecological background for maintaining regional ecological security,but also a direct link between land use and ecological construction.It is related to the stability,flexibility and safety of regional ecosystems.There are many mountain basins in Yunnan,which have the natural advantages of flat terrain,fertile soil and abundant water resources.Only 6%of the basins has more than two-thirds of the population and 90%of the farmland.It is densely populated and agricultural and prosperous economic center.However,the land resources in the basins are scarce,and the land available for development and construction is small.The economic development will inevitably occupy a large amount of ecological land in the basin.In view of this,the remote sensing analysis of the ecological land use in the mountain basins in Yunnan will help alleviate the conflicts between the ecological land and the construction land,at the same time have positive significance in strengthening the construction of ecological civilization,and can effectively optimize the land use structure of the mountain basins in Yunnan.Providing scientific evidence.Based on the remote sensing analysis of the selected Simao basin in Yunnan,this paper studies the dynamic information of ecological land use on the 20-year time scale,and uses the landscape analysis index and the ecological service value calculation method to grasp its dynamic change characteristics and laws,and through the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)evaluates and analyzes the comprehensive benefits of ecological land use,and finally optimizes the land use structure with grey linear programming model.The main conclusions of the research work are as follows:1.The accuracy of the ecological land use information in the study area is85.53%and 74.88%,respectively.The results show that the mixed pixel decomposition is performed by combining the support pixel machine(SVM)classification and the sample-based object-oriented classification.The post-combination support vector machine(SVM)classification method is more suitable for the identification of ecological land use information in the study area.It also shows that the object-oriented classification method has a common effect on classification and recognition of medium-resolution remote sensing images.2.From the perspectives of the general quantitative characteristics of ecological land use,landscape pattern and ecological service value,the paper has an overall understanding of the characteristics of ecological land use change in the study area in the past 20 years:(1)The dynamic change of the total number of ecological land in the study area is declining.Convergence trend,from 3164.13hm~2in 1997 to2745.63hm~2 in 2017;(2)In addition,from the plaque density index(PD)&maximum plaque index(LPI)calculation and analysis,the ecological land plaque in the study area is obtained.The fragmentation is getting bigger and bigger,indicating that human activities and the external environment have a large interference intensity;the contagion index(CONTAG)&polymerization index(AI)index values decreased,reflecting the connection of ecological patch sites in the study area.The degree of decline and the distribution pattern are more discrete than before,which tends to reduce the total biomass of the dam area.The Shannon diversity(SHDI)&Shannon uniformity(SHEI)landscape indices reflect the ecological diversity of the study area.High degree of change,but type dominance decreased;landscape shape index(LSI)&average plaque fractal dimension(FRAC_MN)calculated value changes as ecological land plaque shape compared to The front tends to be complex and irregular,but the overall tends to be simple,which is unfavorable for creating ecological green space for biodiversity and improving the stability of its ecosystem;(3)Finally calculating the ecological land of the study area The change in the total value of ecological services was declining,which was reduced from 1272.1656×10~5yuan in 1997 to965.6456×10~5 yuan in 2017.During the period,the value of ecological services decreased by 306.52×10~5 yuan,and the annual average decreased by 15.326×10~5yuan/a.3.Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)to calculate the comprehensive benefit evaluation value of the ecological land in the study area in 2017 is 0.6163,which is at the general level of ecological land construction level and close to the minimum value of the interval,reflecting the lack of ecological land construction in the study area.Systematic planning and guidance.Finally,based on the gray linear programming model,under the condition that the value of ecological benefit is maximized,the land use structure optimization plan of the study area in 2022 is obtained.On the basis of the base year,the forest land and farmland area increase by7.432%and 0.148%respectively.The area will be reduced by 16.94%,the construction land for non-ecological land will increase by 0.487%,and the water body will increase by 5.001%.In addition,from the perspective of overall ecological benefit value,the ecological benefit value of the study area in 2017 was 786.2531×10~7 yuan,and reached 804.5558×10~7 yuan in 2022,an increase of 18.3027×10~7yuan,and the width was 2.33%,indicating the land use.The structure optimization configuration scheme has good ecological benefit value,which not only ensures the farmland area,but also limits the extensive development of the construction land area.At the same time,it promotes the forestry construction and maximizes the ecological benefit value under the premise of satisfying certain constraints.