Study On The Diversity Of Macrofungi In Shenzhen

To determine the diversity of macrofungi in Shenzhen,The species diversity,floristic composition and resource of the macrofungi in Shenzhen,were studied by collecting the macrofungi in various urban greenbelts,forest parks and nature reserves of Shenzhen.Morphological and molecular biological methods were used to identify the samples.The results are as follows:(1)Through the investigation and collection in 2019-2020,a total of 1176 specimens of macrofungi were obtained,including 616 specimens identified to species and 391 specimens identified to genus.A total of 214 species were identified,belonging to 2 phyla,7 classes,17 orders,61 families,124 genera,including 3 formulated new species: Gymnopus omphalinoides T.H.Li & J.P.Li,Crepidotus djamor L.Q.Wu &J.P.Li,Z.X.Liu and Xanthagaricus shenzhenensis L.Q.Wu & J.P.Li,Z.X.Liu,and 1new record to China: Scleroderma suthepense Kumla,Suwannarach & Lumyong.(2)The dominant families of large fungi in Shenzhen are Polyporaceae,Agaricaceae,Boletaceae,Ophalotaceae,Marasmiaceae,Sclerodermataceae,Russulaceae,a total of 7 families,accounting for 11.48% of the total number of families.There are 107 species of large fungi in the dominant family,accounting for50% of the total known species of large fungi in Shenzhen.The dominant species were Trametes,Russula,Amanita,Marasmiellus,Marasmius,Scleroderma,Ganoderma,Agaricus,Micropsalliota,and Endoloma,accounting for 8.06% of the total genera,and76 species in total,accounting for 35.51% of the total species.Analysis of geographical floristic composition shows that: The main floristic components of the macrofungi in this region are the world widely distributed components(51 genera,41.13% of the total number of genera),followed by the pan-tropical components(29 genera,23.39% of the total number of genera),followed by the north temperate components(11 genera,8.87%of the total number of genera).The East Asian is the least,with one genus,accounting for 0.81% of the total genus.(3)Among the 214 known macrofungi in Shenzhen,30 are edible,30 are medicinal,19 are poisonous and 7 are woody plant pathogenic macrofungi.There are 12 kinds of large fungi with high edible value in edible fungi.Among the medicinal fungi,there are 6 species with high medicinal value.Among the poisonous mushrooms,there are three kinds of highly poisonous common ones,which will lead to death when they are seriously poisoned.Most of poisonous mushrooms cause gastroenteritis,and a few of which cause neuropsychiatric poisoning.A total of 129 species were included in the threatened status assessment,including 30 species with data deficient(DD),145 species with least concern(LC),and 1 species vulnerable(VU): Aureoboletus miniatoaurantiacus(C.S.Bi & Loh)Ming Zhang.